The End of The Cold War 1970-91 Flashcards
What was the Olympic Boycott of 1980?
The USA led a boycott of 60 nations in the Moscow Olympics 1980
Why did the USA lead a boycott of the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow?
It was a protest against the soviet invasion of Afghanistan
Why was the Mosow Olympic boycott in 1980 so significant?
The boycott made the USSR look very bad
USSR was hoping to promote communism
How did the Soviet Union respond to USA’s boycott of the 1980 Olympic Games?
In 1984, the Soviet Union led a boycott of 15 communist countries in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics
What effect did the 1980 Olympic Boycott and the 1984 Olympic Boycott have on USA and USSR relations
Further deteriorated them
Why did Ronald Reagan’s tougher approach make the relations between the USA and USSR tenser?
Increased spending on military and anti-communist groups
Announced the Reagan Doctrine
What was the Reagan Doctrine?
The USA would now support anti-communist groups tyring to over throw commumist governments, aswell as anti-communist countries
Why did Ronald Reagan announce The strategic Defense Iniative (Star Wars) even though it was years from being ready?
To scare the soviet union so they spend money unnecassarily when there economy was not strong
Who was Mikhail Gorbachev?
In 1985, he became Soviet Union leader
What was the economy like in the Soviet Union in the mid 1980s?
Money was spent on developing arms to keep up with the USA
Investment in Soviet economy was low
What was Perestroika?
Gorbachev proposal that the soviet state and economy should be reformed
What does ‘perestroika’ mean in russian and why was it used to describe Gorbachevs proposal?
Russian for ‘reconstruction’.
Used to describe reogranising and restructuring the Soviet State
What did the policy of glasnost, made by Gorbachev, allow?
Allowed open opposition to the government
Gave people a better understanding of how the country was run
What did Gorbachev do to reform communism in the soviet Union?
Made the policy of glasnost
Discontinued The Brezhnev Doctrine
Reduce spending on arms and withdrew troops from Afghanistan
What happened in the Geneva Summit 1985? (First summit)
Gorbachev and Reagan met for the first time
No formal agreements but they established a good working relationship
What was the Reykjavik Summit 1986? (Second Summit)
Gorbachev reduce nuclear weapons if the USA stopped their STI progrsm
No formal agreement but an improvement in relations
What happened in the Washington Summit 1987? (Third Summit)
First agreement made - The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force (INF) Treaty
What did the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force Treaty, made in the Washington Summit 1987, include?
Abolishing of all land-based missiles with a range of 500-5500 km
What happened in the Moscow Summit?
Gorbachev made a speech at the UN that he would reduce the Warsaw pact troops and withdraw them from Afghanistan
What was the Malta Summit 1989? (Last Summit)
Gorbachev met new USA president, George Bush
They got on well and many marked this as the ‘end of the cold war’
What was the signifcance of the fall of the Berlin Wall?
Families and freinds reunited after 30 years
Symbol of the end of Soviet Control and the Cold war
When was the Warsaw Pact formally dissoolved?
1991
What happened to East and West Europe when the Warsaw Pact dissolved?
Reunited the East and West
Tension was lost
Soviet countries became independent
After the Warsaw Pact dissolved, what did each member of the ex-communist countries do?
They all abandoned communism
