THE NEURAL BASIS OF LEARNING / BRAIN STRUCTURES Flashcards

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1
Q

RECAP: LTM

A
  • Information is transferred from STM to LTM
  • Information is best encoded by its meaning
  • EXPLICIT (Declarative)
  • Memories of personal experiences and facts
  • SEMANTIC (Declarative)
  • Factual knowledge about the world
  • EPISODIC (Declarative)
  • Personalized memories of events
  • IMPLICIT (Emotional/procedural)
  • Unconscious/automatic memories
  • Know how-to memories
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2
Q

BRAIN STRUCTURE: HIPPOCAMPUS (LOCATED in the medial temporal lobes of the brain)

  • ROLE
  • DAMAGE
A

ROLE

  • Encodes (consolidates) / forms / creates long-term declarative memories
  • The Hippocampus is able to establish the CONTEXT for each new memory
  • Declarative memories are transferred to a more permanent memory storage in the CEREBRAL CORTEX

DAMAGE

  • INABILITY to FORM new long-term declarative memories
  • The brain structure can be disrupted by factors such as STRESS, anxiety, PTSD, depression, etc
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3
Q

BRAIN STRUCTURE: AMYGDALA (LOCATED in the medial temporal lobes of the brain)

  • ROLE
  • DAMAGE
A

ROLE

  • Associated with a person’s MENTAL and EMOTIONAL state
  • Processes, FORMS and STORES memories of emotional events

DAMAGE

  • INABILITY to form and store implicit emotional memories
  • Cause them to feel/ show no FEAR
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4
Q

STRUCTURE: CEREBRAL CORTEX

A
  • Stores long-term declarative memories
  • LTM are stored in different parts of the CEREBRAL CORTEX

DAMAGE
- INABILITY to retreive memories from the PAST

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5
Q

BRAIN STRUCTURE: CEREBELLUM

A
  • Located in the hindbrain
  • ROLE: responsible for body coordination and balance as well as voluntary muscle movement. Also, it is responsible for LEARNING and STORING the memory of new motor skills (PROCEDURAL LEARNING)
  • FORM and STORES implicit PROCEDURAL memories
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6
Q

HIPPOCAMPUS + AMYGDALA

A

1) Cerebral cortex: stores LT declarative memories
2) Hippocampus: consolidates LT declarative memories (Episodic and Semantic)
3) Hippocampus: transfers the memories to a relevant permanent memory storage in the cerebral cortex
4) Amygdala: Adds emotional content to the MEMORIES

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