The Nervous System - Exam Questions

Question 1

The human nervous system is divided into two parts. Name each of these parts

Answer 1

Central nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 2

Draw a large diagram of a neuron and label the following parts: dendrites, axon, myelin sheath

Answer 2

https://www.google.com/search?q=drawing+of+the+neuron&rlz=1C5CHFA_enIE870IE870&sxsrf=ALiCzsaGrPHCKkUbrzhZ93nBVWKV9ljq6g:1670270681397&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi2w5KVo-P7AhVgQUEAHXX2CuAQ_AUoAXoECAIQAw&biw=779&bih=641&dpr=2#imgrc=hj46jlAONVjY5M

Question 3

distinguish between the function of an interneuron and a sensory neuron by writing a brief sentence on each

Answer 3

Interneuron: Transmit impulse within the CNS (or from sensory to motor neuron)
Sensory neuron: Transmit impulse (from sense organ) to CNS

Question 4

How is a nerve impulse conducted along a neuron?

Answer 4

(Movement of) ions

Question 5

Name the gap that exists between two neurons in close contact

Answer 5

Synaptic cleft

Question 6

Give one possible cause for Parkinson’s disease

Answer 6

Decrease in dopamine levels

Question 7

define a synapse

Answer 7

gap where two neurons come in close contact

Question 8

difference between axons and dendrites

Answer 8

axons - transmits impulse away from the cell body
dendrites - transmits impulse to cell body

Question 9

part of the neuron in which neurotransmitters are produced

Answer 9

synaptic knob activated by ions

Question 10

how impulse crosses the synapse

Answer 10

neurotransmitter release into synapse diffuses across the gap, binds to receptors, impulse starts in postsynaptic, enzymes breakdown neurotransmitter

Question 11

role of mitochondria

Answer 11

provide energy

Question 12

why do nerve impulses can only travel in one direction

Answer 12

neurotransmitter swellings only located of synpase

Question 13

name the tissue X which covers and protects the spinal cord

Answer 13

meninges

Question 14

what is a reflex action?