Ecology + cell structure + cell diversity + muscle system test answers

Question 1

biosphere

Answer 1

a part of the planet where there is living things

Question 2

ecosystem

Answer 2

group of clearly distinguished organisms that interact with their enviroment

Question 3

habitat

Answer 3

a place where a plant or animal lives

Question 4

symbiosis

Answer 4

relationship between two organisms from different species where at least one benefits

Question 5

biotic factor

Answer 5

living factor

Question 6

food web

Answer 6

interlinked food chains

Question 7

fauna

Answer 7

animals

Question 8

what is the function of a mitochondria

Answer 8

cell respiration

Question 9

what is meant by semi-permeable?

Answer 9

some substances can pass through and some can’t pass through

Question 10

draw a labeled diagram of a cell membrane in the box provided

Answer 10

circle, two circles with legs at bottom, circle
2 circles, two circles with legs at bottom and two circles with legs at the top

Question 11

what is a tissue

Answer 11

group of cells working together to carry out the same function

Question 12

name two plant tissues

Answer 12

dermal and vascular

Question 13

give a function of one of the tissues you named before

Answer 13

dermal - protects the plant
epidermis is usually 1 cell thick which protects the plant

Question 14

give an example of connective tissue in animals

Answer 14

bone

Question 15

what is meant by tissue culture?

Answer 15

growth of cells in a sterile and controlled environment in a medium (in vitro)

Question 16

give two applications of tissue culture

Answer 16

plant breeding and skin grafts

Question 17

there are five regions in the vertebral column. name any two of these regions and state how many bones are found in each named region

Answer 17

lumbar - 5 regions
sacrum - 5 regions

Question 18

what are the intervertebral discs made of and what is their function?

Answer 18

cartilage - to prevent bone damage and absorb shock

Question 19

Bone tissue is continually broken down and reformed during life.
1. Name the cells that break down bone
2. Name the cells that build bone

Answer 19

1. osteoclasts
2. osteoblasts

Question 20

give two factors on which the continued renewal of bone depends

Answer 20

exercise ( more vigorous activity, builds up muscles)
diet ( if diet is rich in calcium and nutrients bones are strong, if they are deficient bones are weaker)

Question 21

give three roles of the skeleton

Answer 21

support
movement
structure

Question 22

explain what is meant by an axial skeleton

Answer 22

skull
sternum
spine and ribs

Question 23

give a function for each of the following
1. red marrow 2. cartilage 3. tendon

Answer 23

1. produces blood cells
2. is a shock absorber and prevents bone damage
3. connects muscle to bone

Question 24

explain what is meant by an antagonistic muscle pair and give an example in the human body

Answer 24

when two bones work together give opposite effects of each other
eg. bicep and tricep
bicep flex arm and trip is lowered and straightens out the arm

Question 25

suggest a treatment for a named disorder of the musculoskeletal system

Answer 25

arthritis
treatment - rest, no vigorous exercise that may strain the bone