the human defence system - definitions

Question 1

first line of general defence system

Answer 1

• skin
• clotting
• lysozyme
• sebaceous glands
• mucous
• cilia
• acid

Question 2

skin

Answer 2

structural barrier to infection

Question 3

clotting

Answer 3

if the skin is broken, blood clotting prevents the entry of further pathogens

Question 4

lysozyme

Answer 4

enzyme found in sweat, tears and saliva
dissolves the cell wall

Question 5

sebaceous glands

Answer 5

skin produces chemicals that kill bacteria

Question 6

mucous

Answer 6

pathogens trapped by this mucous and prevented from entering the body

Question 7

cilia

Answer 7

respiratory system lined with hars
these beat and create a current that moves the mucous back up so it can be swallowed into the stomach

Question 8

acid

Answer 8

hydrochloric acid in the stomach kills many pathogens

Question 9

immunity

Answer 9

ability to resist infection

Question 10

pathogen

Answer 10

disease-causing micro-organism

Question 11

antigen

Answer 11

any foreign molecule that stimulates the production of anti-bodies

Question 12

anti-bodies

Answer 12

proteins produced by white-blood cells in response to an antigen

Question 13

anti-biotic

Answer 13

chemicals produced by micro-organisms to stop the growth of or kill other micro-organisms without damaging human tissue. they have no effect on viruses