The Nervous System Flashcards
How impulse travels between 2 neurons in close contact. Any 3
Impulse arrives at axon terminal /neurotransmitter released/into the synaptic cleft/diffuses across gap/binds to receptors/impulse starts in/enzymes break down neurotransmitter.
Region where 2 neurons come into close contact
Synapse.
Gap between 2 neurons
Synaptic cleft.
Cerebrum
Movement, Memory, Emotion, Intelligence
Cerebellum
Coordination movement/balance.
Medulla oblongata
Breathing.
Reflex Action
Automatic response to stimuli.
How Reflex action works
Stimulus detected by receptor/impulse set up/impulse set along sensory neuron/to interneuron/in CNS/to motor neuron/to the effector/effector reacts.
Reflex action example
Blinking
Dendrites
Receives impulses.
Axon
Carries impulses to effector.
Cell body
Produces neurotransmitters/ contains nucleus.
Central Nervous System
Brain and Spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System
Nerves attached to brain.
Sensory neuron
Carries impulses from receptor to CNS.
Motor
Carries impulses from CNS to effector.
Interneuron
Carries impulses within CNS.
Myelin sheath
Speeds up transmission of impulse/ insulates nerve cells.
Schwann cells
Forms myelin sheath
Impulse
A message is transmitter along neuron in nervous system.
Thereshold
Minimum stimulus necessary for an impulse to be carried.
Movement of impulse
Stimulus detected/negative ions swap with positive ions/ pos ions inside and neg ions outside/ pos needed to carry impulse/ once impulse passed they swap again to prevent overstimulation.
Spinal cord
In neural canal/ surrounded by 33 vertebrae/ transmits impulses to and from brain/ controls reflex actions.
White matter
Mostly axons
Grey matter
Mostly cell bodies/dendrites.
Central canal
Contains Cerebrospinal fluid.
Meninges
3 layers of protective tissue.
Parkinsons
Cause: Decrease in dopamine levels/Genetics.
Symptoms: Tremor
Prevention: Unknown
Treatment: L-dopa/ Physiotherapy.
