Ecology

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

Question 2

Biosphere

Answer 2

Where life can exist on Earth.

Question 3

Conservation

Answer 3

Management of organisms and their environment.

Question 4

Producer

Answer 4

Organism that makes its own food.

Question 5

Trophic level

Answer 5

Feeding level.

Question 6

Quantitative study

Answer 6

Measuring the amount of organisms.

Question 7

Habitat

Answer 7

Place where an organism lives.

Question 8

Niche

Answer 8

Role of an organism.

Question 9

Pollution

Answer 9

Any harmful addition to the environment.

Question 10

Food chain

Answer 10

Sequence of organisms showing transfer if energy from one to the next.

Question 11

Edaphic

Answer 11

Soil.

Question 12

Omnivore

Answer 12

Eats plants and animals

Question 13

Nitrogen Fixation

Answer 13

Nitrogen to usable form./ Changing atmospheric nitrogen to usable form (ammonia)

Question 14

Nitrification

Answer 14

Changing ammonia to nitrite to nitrate.

Question 15

Denitrification

Answer 15

Changing nitrates to nitrogen gas.

Question 16

Contest competition

Answer 16

Struggle for a resource with one winner.

Question 17

Symbiosis

Answer 17

Relationship between species involving benefit.

Question 18

Ecosystem

Answer 18

Organisms and their environment

Question 19

Population

Answer 19

Number of organisms of a species in a habitat.

Question 20

Community

Answer 20

All organisms in a habitat.

Question 21

Parasite

Answer 21

An organism that lives in or on an organism of another species causing harm.

Question 22

Saprophyte

Answer 22

An organism that feeds on dead organic matter.

Question 23

Nutrient recycling

Answer 23

Exchange of elements between organisms and their environment.

Question 24

Predation

Answer 24

Catching, killing and eating another organism.

Question 25

Biotic

Answer 25

Living.

Question 26

Abiotic

Answer 26

Non-living.

Question 27

Qualitative

Answer 27

The presence of species.

Question 28

Pollutant

Answer 28

Any harmful addition to the environment.

Question 29

Scramble competition

Answer 29

All get some of the resource.

Question 30

Food web

Answer 30

Interconnected food chains.

Question 31

Competition

Answer 31

Struggle for a resource in short supply.

Question 32

Quantitative study (5 steps)

Answer 32

Quadrat/random/count/ repeat/several times/record/calculate % cover frequency.

Question 33

Why do ecological surveying?

Answer 33

To detect changes/ to preserve biodiversity.

Question 34

Ecological error

Answer 34

Miscounting.

Question 35

Why do humans not obey the prey-predator graph?

Answer 35

Healthcare/ lack of predators.

Question 36

Nitrogen cycle ( any 4 steps)

Answer 36

Nitrogen to usable compounds/ plant protein to animal protein/ decomposition releases N compounds/ ammonium to nitrite/ nitrite to nitrate/ nitrate to plant protein.

Question 37

Carbon cycle ( 4 steps)

Answer 37

Plant carbohydrate to animal carbohydrate/ living organisms release carbon dioxide/ decay of organisms release carbon dioxide/ combustion of fossil fuels release carbon dioxide.

Question 38

Waste management ( agriculture)

Answer 38

Slurry in lack proof pits.

Question 39

Conservation ( fishery)

Answer 39

Large mesh size.

Question 40

Limitation of pyramid of numbers

Answer 40

Does not take the size of the organism into account.

Question 41

Adaptation

Answer 41

Any alteration that improves on organism’s chances of survival.

Question 42

Factors affection human population ( any 2)

Answer 42

War/Famine/Contraception/Disease

Question 43

Problems with waste disposal (2)

Answer 43

Waste may contain disease/ Toxic chemicals leak into drinking water supply/Eutrophication.

Question 44

Waste minimisation

Answer 44

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.