The Human Defence System Flashcards
Methods used by general defence system
Barrier/Chemicals/Fever.
Organ specific to immune system
Spleen/thymus/lymph node.
Antigen
Chemical that stimulates the production of antibodies.
Antibody
Protein produced in response to antigen.
How does the antibody-antigen response work in defending the body.
Antigen stimulates the production of antibodies/antibodies inactivate pathogens/white blood cells destroy inactivated pathogens.
Why is immune system active
Antibodies are produced.
Passive immunity example
Injected antibodies to fight infection.
Why active immunity long term?
Produces memory cells.
Why passive immunity short term?
Doesnt produce memory cells.
Mucous membrane lining found..?
Respiratory tract, digestive tract.
Vaccine
Weakened dose of pathogen that stimulates immunity.
Helper T-cells
Recognise antigens/ stimulate production of B-cells.
Killer T-cells
Destroys infected body cells/release perforin.
Suppresor T-cells
Suppress immune response.
Memory T-cells
Remembers antigen/ long-time protection.
Immunisation
Increases an organisms reaction to an antigen and therefore improves its ability to resist or overcome infection.
Skin
Physical barrier.
Mucus membrane
Line breathing, reproductive, digestive tracts. Traps pathogens before entering body.
Phagocytic white cells
Ingests pathogens.
Monocytes
Formed in bone marrow/ engulf foreign bodies.
Lymphocytes
Formed in bone marrow.
B-Lymphocytes
Active in bone marrow/live only a few days/
T-Lymphocytes
Becomes active in the thymus./Doesnt produce antibodies.
Induced Immunity
Ability to resist disease caused by infection.
Active immunity
Long term/Develops after a vaccination, an infection. Person produces their own antibodies in response to antigens.
Passive Immunity
People are give antibodies to fight the disease/ not made by person’s immune system/ short term.
Active immunity example
Body responds to the entry of an antigen in the body.
