The Nature of Matter

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

the basic unit of matter

Question 2

What charge do protons have and where is there location?

Answer 2

Positive and in the nucleus

Question 3

What charge do neutrons have and where is there location?

Answer 3

Neutral and in the nucleus

Question 4

What charge do electrons have and where is there location?

Answer 4

Negative and moving around the nucleus

Question 5

The mass of an atom comes from the what?

Answer 5

Protons and neutrons

Question 6

What is the volume of an atom attributed to?

Answer 6

Electrons

Question 7

What are ions?

Answer 7

Elements which differ in the number of electrons

Question 8

What happens when elements gain electrons? (positive/negative?)

Answer 8

Negative

Question 9

What are isotopes?

Answer 9

elements which differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus

Question 10

What are valence electrons?

Answer 10

The electrons involved in chemical bonding

Question 11

What is an example of an ionic bond?

Answer 11

a sodium atom that easily loses its electron and becomes a sodium ion

Question 12

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 12

a compound where one element loses electrons and one element gains electrons

Question 13

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 13

combining of elements to form a molecule by the sharing of electrons between atoms

Question 14

What is an example of a covalent bond?

Answer 14

a hydrogen atom joins an oxygen atom

Question 15

What do ionic bonds form between?

Answer 15

metals and nonmetals

Question 16

What do covalent bonds form between?

Answer 16

two or more nonmetals

Question 17

What is polarity?

Answer 17

the uneven distribution of electrons in a compound

Question 18

Adhesion

Answer 18

sticking to other things

Question 19

Cohesion

Answer 19

sticking to itself

Question 20

Capilarity

Answer 20

cohesion of water molecules at the surface of a body of water

Question 21

***What does adhesion do to water in a tube?

Answer 21

it makes water stick to the side of the tube

Question 22

Does water have a high heat capacity?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

What is a solution?

Answer 23

a mixture of two or more substances in which the molecules of each are evenly distributed

Question 24

What is a solvent?

Answer 24

the part of a solution that does the dissolving

Question 25

What is the universal solvent?

Answer 25

water

Question 26

What is a solute?

Answer 26

particles which are dissolved

Question 27

What is an example of a solute?

Answer 27

kool aid powder with water

Question 28

What is pH?

Answer 28

concentration of hydrogen present in a solution

Question 29

What are acids?

Answer 29

any substance which releases hydrogen ions in water with a pH range below 7

Question 30

What are bases?

Answer 30

any substance which releases OH (hydroxide) in water with a pH range above 7

Question 31

What are buffers?

Answer 31

weak acid/bases that can react with strong acids or bases used to keep a neutral pH

Question 32

What are Van der Waals Forces?

Answer 32

a type of intermolecular force of attraction between molecules

Question 33

Are van der Waals Forces stronger or weaker than ionic/covalent bonds?

Answer 33

weaker