The mammary Gland Histology Flashcards
What do the breast, or mammary glands develop as a down growth of?
The epidermis.
What is the nipple surrounded by?
Areola, a modified skin with abundant sebaceous glands.
How many lactiferous ducts open at the tip of the nipple through individual lactiferous sinuses.
15 to 20
What is the lactiferous duct lined by?
A simple columnar or cuboidal epithelium and a discontinuous outer layer of myoepithelial cells.
What is each duct surrounded by?
Loose connective tissue and a capillary network
In the resting, nonlactating state what do the mammary glands consist of?
Lactiferous ducts, each ending in a group of blind saccular evaginations or buds
What do epithelial cells lining the lactiferous ducts contain?
cytosolic and nuclear estrogen receptors
Where are the estrogen receptors in the mammary glands
in the epithelial lining of the lactiferous duct
What does progesterone stimulate in the mammary glands?
The formation of new terminal end buds, replacing old, regressing buds by apoptosis, which eventually disappear at the end of the ovarian cycle. These cyclic changes are observed in each mestrual cycle.
What stimulates the development of lactiferous ducts and secretory alveoli at the ends of the branched ducts from lateral and terminal end buds?
prolactin and placental lactogen, in the presence of estrogen, progesterone, and growth factos.
What happens during pregnancy?
The ducts branch and end in clusters of saccules (alveoli or acini) forming a lobule
What is associated with fibrocystic changes?
Hormonal imbalances
What occurs during fibrocystic changes?
A proliferation of the connective tissue stroma and cystic formation of the ducts are observed.
What is fibroadenoma?
The second most common form of benign breast disease, occurs in young women. They are slow growing masses of epithelial and connective tissue and are painless.
Where does 80 percent of breast cancer originate?
The epithelial lining of the lactiferous ducts.
