The Latter Years of Henry's reign 1540-47 Flashcards
who was the Conservative Faction?
Duke of Norfolk- Thomas Howard
Bishop Gardiner
Sir Thomas Wriothesley
Earl of Surrey- Henry Howard
who were the Reformers?
Earl of Hertford (part of Edward’s regency council)- Edward Seymour
John Dudley
Sir Anthony Denny
Sir William Paget
Archbishop Cranmer- achieved Catherine Parr marriage 1543
Henry’s marriage to Catherine Howard
the marriage was used for the fall of Cromwell
how did Catherine Howard fall from power?
accused of adultery and Cranmer revealed it
was executed
Henry was infatuated and failed to see issues
attack on Thomas Cranmer
Archbishop of Canterbury who announced the marriage of Catherine of Aragon and Henry as null and void was vulnerable after Cromwell’s execution from Catholic Faction
ordered investigate charges himself but dropped
some argued king stood by a loyal servant and thus Henry was in full control and would not be manipulated by factions
arrest of Catherine Parr
1546 Catholic faction turned attention to Catherine as seen to possibly be a Protestant sympathiser when Henry was reversing changes to more catholic
King presented evidence she was a heretic
she persuaded Henry of her innocence
The Fall of Gardiner and Norfolk
suggests Henry unable to balance rival factions- reformists winning
though Gardiner involved in plot against Parr, it was a charge that resulted in downfall- refusal grant some of his lands to the king
Norfolk’s son, Earl of Surrey suggested good claim to throne, through ancestry Edward I and put part of royal coat of arms on family emblem without permission
As Henry ill, and successor young boy not surprise caused alarm
He was arrested and executed. Norfolk was arrested and would’ve been executed if Henry not died before signing the death warrant
How effectively did Henry rule England?
very few domestic developments- focus foreign affairs and allowed factions gain control
Role of Sir Anthony Denny and Sir William Paget appear crucial in developments Denny in charge of King’s Privy Chamber and had access to private rooms. Paget was appointed Henry’s Private Secretary and controlled the written information that reached the king- opportunity meant reformists and Catholic had access to the KING
What happened to Henry’s will?
first part drawn up December 1546 with King’s knowledge but space left for more and was changed closer to death by council
Denny and Paget involved changing will from regency council
by keeping King’s death quiet for a number of days allowed reformists to consolidate their position and these changes allowed Edward’s uncle, Seymour to exercise virtual power
When did Henry die?
28th January 1547
