Henry VIII's Later Foreign Policy

Question 1

Scotland

Answer 1

Henry arranged meet James V at York- didn’t - seen as personal insult and led to war 1542
Grievances as James loyal to France- aid rebellions
Henry sent army under Duke of Norfolk to Scotland and won Battle at Solway Moss November 1542
attempt create Treaty of Greenwich 1543 with marriage of Edward to Mary but rejection led to war 1544-45
‘rough-wooing’- raisin of borders attempt arrange marriage
Death of James V- Mary crowned 6 days old 1545- Earl of Hertford unable to attack as too few troops
the failure of marriage brought France and Scotland together

Question 2

France

Answer 2

Captured Boulogne 1544- siege not a battle
France 16th July 1545 large fleet under Admiral Claude d’Annebault set sail for England- expected
attempted capture Portsmouth and then invade England
Battle of the Solent 1545
France invaded Isle of Wight
population 9,000 but because of reoccurring raids and French invasions in Hundred Year War- islanders prepared and extreme military training.
French landed at Bonchurch but was unopposed until went inland
English retreated
21st July- 3rd French assault was successful at Sandown Castle but before could dig local forces attacked on beach and cliff- French struggled on land and so retreated 28th July

Question 3

ireland

Answer 3

Henry viewed Irish as troublesome and threat of rebellions
leading family- Thomas Fitzgerald Earl of Kildare
led rebellion against English crown and announced support for Pope Charles v
Rebellion was put down and established government to deter enemies as using as base to invade
Fitzgerald lost power as Lord Deputies
1540s – new kingdom of Ireland declared- Anthony St Leger 1st English governeer all lands surrendered crown- promise retain pledges of loyalty
In return have Lords included in Parliament
Principles of English Common law were extended across country- process of breaking down feudal territories slow