Henry VIII- Foreign Policy (Wolsey)

Question 1

Henry’s aims

Answer 1

French crown
secure dynasty
continue trade with Netherlands
demonstrate England as a major power in europe
glory in france

Question 2

Wolsey’s aims

Answer 2

Balance of power in Europe
to serve the king
maintain papal links
humanistic peace

Question 3

First French War

Answer 3

1513
Wolsey had impressed Henry through organisation and administrative tasks
Wolsey was Quarter-master general
French force defeated near Therouanne
Therouanne and Tournai were captured (not best land)
helped grow Henry’s and Wolsey’s reputation

Question 4

Battle of Flodden

Answer 4

1509 Truce of Ayton was renewed
1513 James IV launched attack on England when Henry was preoccupied with War in France
Catherine organised army and at the battle James and over 10,000 men killed
henry’s sister Margaret was left as regent for infant heir James V
Henry/ Wolsey had opportunity while Scotland weak but focused on france

Question 5

Treaty of London

Answer 5

1518
treaty of universal peace
collective security
England, France, Spain, HRE, the Netherlands, Burgundy and Papacy
signed treaty of peaceful co-operation and if rules broken than war on any ruler
organised by Wolsey- improved Henry’s recognition

Question 6

the Field of Cloth and Gold

Answer 6

tension for the Habsburg- Valois conflict
attempt of Francis and Henry peace
June 1520
Henry had 5000 attendants and Francis 3000
18 days and wrestling match Francis won
Wolsey’s attempt as counterweight failed- clear sign England was not strong enough diplomatically/ military

Question 7

Habsburg- Valois Conflict

Answer 7

The Treaty that sealed Anglo-Imperial alliance was Treaty of Bruges against France which was made after Wolsey met Charles V in Netherlands in 1521
Wolsey agreed that England would send an army to fight the French is Francis refused to make peace. Wolsey wanted to delay English involvement unlike Henry.

Question 8

Second French War

Answer 8

1520s
1523 because of Treaty of Burges England sent army to France as Francis refused to agree on terms of peace
Henry urged Wolsey to withdraw his support with Charles in 1525 due to failures in war and expensive
resulted in Charles V success at Battle of Pavia 1525
Henry urged Wolsey negotiate that Henry should be King but refused
Charles didn’t kill Francis because against Divine Right of Kings- loss of mutual respect
released Francis in attempt to control him but he broke the oath and launched attacks on Charles supported by Pope Clement VII
1525 Wolsey introduced Amicable grant
after failure of Amicable Grant to get financial support created anti-imperial alliance known as League of Cognac 1526- help shoulder burden of war
1528 England declared war on France- Wolsey stops it with Treaty of Cambrai

Question 9

2nd French War Cost

Answer 9

£400,000