The Integumentary System

Question 1

list functions of the integumentary system

Answer 1

covers the external body surface
first line of defence against infection
body temperature regulation
sensory reception
excretion

Question 2

what are the components of the integumentary system?

Answer 2

skin (epidermis and dermis)
accessory structures: skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

Question 3

what type of epithelium is the epidermis

Answer 3

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 4

thin vs thick skin

Answer 4

thin skin has 4 layers, thick skin has 5
thin skin covers most of the body, thick skin covers the palms of hands and soles of feet

Question 5

what is the stratum basale?

Answer 5

deepest part of the epidermis, attached to the dermis
cells actively divide here, melanocytes here and merkel cells (touch receptors)

Question 6

what is the stratum spinosum?

Answer 6

spiny appearance with several layers of keratinocytes, dendritic cells (immune system)

Question 7

stratum granulosum

Answer 7

1-5 layers of keratinocytes

Question 8

stratum lucidum

Answer 8

only in thick skin, falt dead cells with keratin

Question 9

stratum corneum

Answer 9

most superficial, 15-30 layers of dead keratinised cells, protection

Question 10

tissue type in the dermis

Answer 10

connective tissue, collagen and elastic fibers

Question 11

how many layers in the dermis?

Answer 11

2w

Question 12

what are the two layers in the dermis called

Answer 12

papillary dermis and the reticular dermis

Question 14

the papillary dermis function?

Answer 14

supports and nourishes the epidermis, contains capillaries, lymphatics and free nerve endings

Question 14

reticular dermis function and % of dermis it is

Answer 14

deeper layer of the dermis, 80% of the dermis
rich nerve supply
(sensory receptors: touch, pain, temperature)
rich blood supply for constriction and dilatation

Question 15

causes of ulcers in skin

Answer 15

ongoing pressure of body weight over a bony prominence reduces blood flow to the area and causes skin breakdown
exposure to skin irritants

Question 16

what are the pigments in the epidermis

Answer 16

melanin and carotene

Question 17

what does melanocyte activity respond to

Answer 17

uv light exposure in sun, protects feom excessive uv radiation exposure

Question 18

describe blood vessels and sweat glands during hyperthermia and hypothermia

Answer 18

hyperthermia: blood vessels dilate and sweat gland secretions increase
hypothermia: dermis blood vessels contract and sweat glands secretions decrease

Question 19

below what temp does cardiac arrest occur?

Answer 19

28C

Question 20

what is the hypodermis

Answer 20

not part of the integumentary system, dermis attaches here, helps insulation, conduit for vessels and nerves

Question 21

what is hair

Answer 21

strands of dead keratinised epidermal cells

Question 22

what does burn severity depend on

Answer 22

depth and total area affected

Question 23

name some complications associated with burns

Answer 23

dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and circulatory shock