THE IMMUNE SYSTEM (Acquired Immunity)

Question 1

Known as adaptive or specific immunity; memory or recall which allows the host to respond more effectively if reinfection with the same microorganism occurs (anamnestic response):

Answer 1

Acquired immunity

Question 2

Example of Active Natural immunity:

Answer 2

Infection

Question 3

Example of Active Artificial immunity:

Answer 3

Vaccination

Question 4

Example of Passive Natural immunity:

Answer 4

Transfer of in vivo or colostrum (breast milk)

Question 5

Example of Passive Artificial immunity:

Answer 5

Infusion of serum or plasma

Question 6

Duration of immune response in active natural immunity:

Answer 6

Long

Question 7

Duration of immune response in active artificial immunity:

Answer 7

Long

Question 8

Duration of immune response in passive natural immunity:

Answer 8

Short

Question 9

Duration of immune response in passive artificial immunity:

Answer 9

Short

Question 10

Given to patients exposed to HBV within 24 hours after exposure; also given to newborns whose mothers are HBsAg/HBeAg POSITIVE (+)

Answer 10

HBIg (Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin)

Question 11

Examples of live attenuated vaccines:

Answer 11

• MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella)
• Chickenpox

Question 12

Examples of Inactivated vaccines:

Answer 12

• Hepa A
• Rabies
• Whooping cough

Question 13

Examples of Toxoid vaccines:

Answer 13

• Diphtheria
• Tetanus

Question 14

Example of synthetic vaccine:

Answer 14

Hepa B Vaccine

Question 15

What are the components of the Hepa B vaccine?

Answer 15

• Recombinant HBsAg produced from genetically engineered yeast (STEVENS) = RECALL🌟
• Recombinant HBV DNA (Turgeon)

Question 16

Cellular components in the 3rd line of defense:

Answer 16

T cells
B cells
Plasma calls

Question 17

Humoral components in the 3rd line of defense:

Answer 17

Antibodies
Cytokines (lymphokines)

Question 18

Polypeptide products of activated cells that control a variety of cellular responses and thereby regulate the immune response; they regulate both innate and adaptive immunity:

Answer 18

CYTOKINES

Question 19

Cytokines or chemical messengers produced by leukocytes that affect the inflammatory process through an increase in soluble factors or cells; Mediate interactions between leukocytes but do not bind antigen:

Answer 19

Interleukins (IL)

Question 20

Host inflammatory response; Endogenous pyrogen; Regulation of hematopoiesis; Produced by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

Answer 20

IL-1

Question 21

Proliferation of T-cells and B-cells; Increases cytotoxic functions of NK cells and T-killer cells; Produced by helper T cells.

Answer 21

IL-2

Question 22

Differentiation of hematopoietic stem cell.

Answer 22

IL-3

Question 23

Functions in innate immunity and adaptive immunity; In the latter, stimulates growth of B cells that have differentiated into antibody producers (Plasma cells)

Answer 23

IL-6

Question 24

Chemotaxis and activation of neutrophils; activates “respiratory burst” and release of specific and azurophilic granular contents:

Answer 24

IL-8

Question 25

B-cell growth factor I; Isotype switching of b-cell; Differentiation of naive T-cell to Th2

Answer 25

IL-4

Question 26

B-cell growth factor II; B-cell differentiation factor; growth and differentiation factor for activated T-cell and B-cell:

Answer 26

IL-5

Question 27

Proliferation of lymphoid progenitors:

Answer 27

IL-7

Question 28

Proliferation of T-cells, thymocytes, and mast cells”

Answer 28

IL-9

Question 29

Inhibits activated macrophages; stimulatory to T-cells, mast cells and B-cells:

Answer 29

IL-10

Question 30

Enumerate proinflammatory cytokines:

Answer 30

IL-1
IL-6
IL-8
IL-15
IL-18
TNF-a

Question 31

Major factors that induce the acute-phase response:

Answer 31

IL-1
IL-6
TNF