HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Flashcards
memorization
Who demonstrated that protection from smallpox could be generated by transferring pustular material from a cowpox lesion?
Dr. Edward Jenner
Discovered the therapeutic vaccination; First report of live “attenuated” vaccine for rabies
Louis Pasteur
Attenuated vaccines by Louis Pasteur;
- Cholera
- Anthrax
- Rabies
Mnemonic: “CAR”
Demonstrated that cells could ingest foreign material, now classified phagocytes
Elie Metchnikoff
Who discovered the complement system?
Jules Bordet
Who discovered the precipitins?
Robert Kaus
___________ was awarded the Nobel Prize for his 1978 discovery of the genetic principles underlying the generation of antibodies with different specificities (Antibody diversity).
Susumu Tonegawa
When was the T cell receptor gene discovered?
1984
___________ studied the human blood group antigens and published a book titled “Specificity of Serologic Reactions”
Karl Landsteiner
Who were the scientists that demonstrated the structure of antibodies?
Gerald Edelman and Rodney Porter
___________ demonstrated immunoregulation
Niels Jerne
______________ together with ________________ were awarded the Nobel Prize because of their work on HIV
Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier
Chinese practiced __________.
Variolation - inhalation of pulverized smallpox lesion crusts
aka insufflation.
Edward Jenner was able to demonstrate _____________.
Cross immunity
Vaccinia causes __________.
Cowpox
Variola major causes ____________.
smallpox
Note:
Variola minor - Alastrim (mild smallpox)
1st blood transfusion was performed on ____________.
Pope Innocent VII
When did Braxton and Hicks recommend the use of the anticoagulant Sodium phosphate?
1869
When was Na citrate used as an anticoagulant?
1914
Dr. Charles Drew was appointed director (first director) of _____________________.
American Red Cross Blood Bank
Loutit and Mollison introduced a solution that acts as both anticoagulant and preservative ________.
ACD (acid citrate dextrose)
When did Loutit and Mollison introduce ACD?
1943
Gibson introduced the anticoagulant/preservative ____________.
CPD (Citrate phosphate dextrose)
When did Gibson introduce CPD?
1957
A cook who was a carrier of Salmonella typhi infected people hence the name “Typhoid Mary”
Mary Mallon
Who developed the gel test?
Yves Lapierre
When did Yves Lapierre develop the gel test?
1985
