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IMMUNOLOGY & SEROLOGY (TopnotcherQT) > MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX > Flashcards

MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX Flashcards

memorization

1
Q

In tissue/organ transplant, the donor and the recipient should be _____ and _____ matched

A

ABO and HLA matched

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2
Q

Siblings has a _____% chance HLA match

A

Sibling: 50% chance HLA match

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3
Q

Parents has a ____% chance HLA match

A

Parents: 25% chance HLA match

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4
Q

Disease(s) associated in HLA-B27:

A

Ankylosing spondylitis/bamboo spine disease

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5
Q

Disease(s) associated in HLA-DR3:

A
  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • Diabetes Mellitus I
  • Grave’s disease
  • Addison’s disease
  • Myasthenia Gravis
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6
Q

Disease(s) associated in HLA-DR4:

A
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Diabetes Mellitus I
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7
Q

Disease(s) associated in HLA-B8:

A
  • Myasthenia Gravis
  • Addison’s disease
  • Celiac disease (RECALL🌟)
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8
Q

HLA that has the strongest correlation; patients that have this HLA type are 90x more prone to the disease associated with this HLA:

A

HLA-B27: Ankylosing spondylitis/ bamboo spine disease

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9
Q

Where is the genetic coding of HLA located?

A

Chromosome 6 - HLA is coded in chromosome 6

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10
Q

Class I genes:

A

HLA-A
HLA-B
HLA-C

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11
Q

Class II genes:

A

HLA-D
HLA-DP
HLA-DQ
HLA-DR

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12
Q

Class III genes:

A

C2
C4
Factor B
TNF

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13
Q

Location of Class I MHC

A

All nucleated cells

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14
Q

Location of Class II MHC

A

APCs (Macrophage, monocyte, B cells, dendritic cells)

NOTE: APCs also has class I MHC, but class II MHC is unique to APCs

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15
Q

Function of class I MHC

A
  • Present Ag to CD8+ cells (T cytotoxic cells)
  • Destruction of virally infected cells, tumor cells, graft rejection
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16
Q

Function of class II MHC

A

Presentation of Ag to CD4+ cells (T helper cells)

17
Q

(Tissue matching technique) The donor and recipient cells are reacted with HLA Abs; simple and fast

A

Serological tissue matching method

18
Q

What type of tissue matching method is MIXED LYMPHOCYTE REACTION?

A

Cellular tissue matching method

19
Q

In Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction, it is used to used as an irradiator to inactivate donor lymphocytes:

A

MITOMYCIN C

20
Q

In Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction, the amount of proliferation is measured using:

A

Thymidine [^3H] (Tritium labeled thymidine)

21
Q

Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction is best for:

A

Bone marrow grafts and living-related donors

22
Q

MLR only tests for what class of HLA?

A

HLA-D (Class II)

23
Q

What type of tissue matching method is RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM (RFLP)

A

Molecular tissue matching method

24
Q

In RFLP, DNA sequences are amplified using ______:

A

Polymerase Chain Reaction

25
Q

Which tissue matching method is the fastest and superior?

A. Serological
B. Cellular (MLR)
C. Molecular (RFLP)

A

C. Molecular (RFLP)

26
Q

Which of the following is a tissue typing method test?

A. MLR
B. RFLP
C. CDC

A

C. CDC

NOTE: CDC or Complement Dependent Lymphocytotoxicity (Other name)

Complement Mediated MICROLYMPHOCYTOTOXICITY (original)

they are all the same, the CDC is the other name for Complement Mediated Microlymphocytotoxicity

27
Q

What type of blood specimen is used in CDC?

A

ACD or Heparinized blood

28
Q

In CDC tissue typing method, purified lymphocyte suspension is obtained by what technique?

A

Ficoll-Hypaque Centrifugation

29
Q

In CDC, what will happen to the cells if the HLA antigen specific to the HLA antibody is present?

A

The complement is activated and kills the cell (lysed)

30
Q

In CDC, what stain is used to visualize the cells after incubating with HLA Abs and complement?

A

Eosin Y or Trypan blue

31
Q

What type of microscope is used in the CDC?

A

Inverted phase Contrast Microscope

32
Q

Uninjured cells visualized in IPCM appear to be:

A. Flattened, large, dark, and non-refractile
B. Small, dark, and non-refractile
C. Small, bright, and refractile
D. flattened, large, bright, and refractile

A

C. Small, bright, and refractile

This indicates that the cells are negative for the HLA Ag

33
Q

Injured cells visualized in IPCM appear to be:

A. Flattened, large, dark and non-refractile
B. Small, dark, and non-refractile
C. Small, bright, and refractile
D. flattened, large, bright, and refractile

A

A. Flattened, large, dark, and non-refractile

This indicates that the cells are positive for the HLA Ag

34
Q

HLA-DR (class II) typing requires identification of:

A

B cell lymphocytes

35
Q

B-lymphocyte suspension can be prepared by:

A

Nylon wool separation

IMMUNOLOGY & SEROLOGY (TopnotcherQT) (25 decks)

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