MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX

Question 1

In tissue/organ transplant, the donor and the recipient should be _____ and _____ matched

Answer 1

ABO and HLA matched

Question 2

Siblings has a _____% chance HLA match

Answer 2

Sibling: 50% chance HLA match

Question 3

Parents has a ____% chance HLA match

Answer 3

Parents: 25% chance HLA match

Question 4

Disease(s) associated in HLA-B27:

Answer 4

Ankylosing spondylitis/bamboo spine disease

Question 5

Disease(s) associated in HLA-DR3:

Answer 5

• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Diabetes Mellitus I
• Grave’s disease
• Addison’s disease
• Myasthenia Gravis

Question 6

Disease(s) associated in HLA-DR4:

Answer 6

• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Diabetes Mellitus I

Question 7

Disease(s) associated in HLA-B8:

Answer 7

• Myasthenia Gravis
• Addison’s disease
• Celiac disease (RECALL🌟)

Question 8

HLA that has the strongest correlation; patients that have this HLA type are 90x more prone to the disease associated with this HLA:

Answer 8

HLA-B27: Ankylosing spondylitis/ bamboo spine disease

Question 9

Where is the genetic coding of HLA located?

Answer 9

Chromosome 6 - HLA is coded in chromosome 6

Question 10

Class I genes:

Answer 10

HLA-A
HLA-B
HLA-C

Question 11

Class II genes:

Answer 11

HLA-D
HLA-DP
HLA-DQ
HLA-DR

Question 12

Class III genes:

Answer 12

C2
C4
Factor B
TNF

Question 13

Location of Class I MHC

Answer 13

All nucleated cells

Question 14

Location of Class II MHC

Answer 14

APCs (Macrophage, monocyte, B cells, dendritic cells)

NOTE: APCs also has class I MHC, but class II MHC is unique to APCs

Question 15

Function of class I MHC

Answer 15

• Present Ag to CD8+ cells (T cytotoxic cells)
• Destruction of virally infected cells, tumor cells, graft rejection

Question 16

Function of class II MHC

Answer 16

Presentation of Ag to CD4+ cells (T helper cells)

Question 17

(Tissue matching technique) The donor and recipient cells are reacted with HLA Abs; simple and fast

Answer 17

Serological tissue matching method

Question 18

What type of tissue matching method is MIXED LYMPHOCYTE REACTION?

Answer 18

Cellular tissue matching method

Question 19

In Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction, it is used to used as an irradiator to inactivate donor lymphocytes:

Answer 19

MITOMYCIN C

Question 20

In Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction, the amount of proliferation is measured using:

Answer 20

Thymidine [^3H] (Tritium labeled thymidine)

Question 21

Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction is best for:

Answer 21

Bone marrow grafts and living-related donors

Question 22

MLR only tests for what class of HLA?

Answer 22

HLA-D (Class II)

Question 23

What type of tissue matching method is RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM (RFLP)

Answer 23

Molecular tissue matching method

Question 24

In RFLP, DNA sequences are amplified using ______:

Answer 24

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Question 25

Which tissue matching method is the fastest and superior? A. Serological B. Cellular (MLR) C. Molecular (RFLP)

Answer 25

C. Molecular (RFLP)

Question 26

Which of the following is a tissue typing method test? A. MLR B. RFLP C. CDC

Answer 26

C. CDC NOTE: CDC or Complement Dependent Lymphocytotoxicity (Other name) Complement Mediated MICROLYMPHOCYTOTOXICITY (original) they are all the same, the CDC is the other name for Complement Mediated Microlymphocytotoxicity

Question 27

What type of blood specimen is used in CDC?

Answer 27

ACD or Heparinized blood

Question 28

In CDC tissue typing method, purified lymphocyte suspension is obtained by what technique?

Answer 28

Ficoll-Hypaque Centrifugation

Question 29

In CDC, what will happen to the cells if the HLA antigen specific to the HLA antibody is present?

Answer 29

The complement is activated and kills the cell (lysed)

Question 30

In CDC, what stain is used to visualize the cells after incubating with HLA Abs and complement?

Answer 30

Eosin Y or Trypan blue

Question 31

What type of microscope is used in the CDC?

Answer 31

Inverted phase Contrast Microscope

Question 32

Uninjured cells visualized in IPCM appear to be: A. Flattened, large, dark, and non-refractile B. Small, dark, and non-refractile C. Small, bright, and refractile D. flattened, large, bright, and refractile

Answer 32

C. Small, bright, and refractile This indicates that the cells are negative for the HLA Ag

Question 33

Injured cells visualized in IPCM appear to be: A. Flattened, large, dark and non-refractile B. Small, dark, and non-refractile C. Small, bright, and refractile D. flattened, large, bright, and refractile

Answer 33

A. Flattened, large, dark, and non-refractile This indicates that the cells are positive for the HLA Ag

Question 34

HLA-DR (class II) typing requires identification of:

Answer 34

B cell lymphocytes

Question 35

B-lymphocyte suspension can be prepared by:

Answer 35

Nylon wool separation