The Hip - Lecture

Question 1

The hip is classified as what type of joint?

Answer 1

Ball and Socket

Question 2

Name the three bones that make up the os coxa

Answer 2

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

Question 3

Which hip bone contributes to the acetabulum and the ramus?

Answer 3

The ischium

Question 4

T or F

The ilium + ramus = ischial tuberosity

Answer 4

False
haha so freaking false.

ischium + ramus = ischial tuberosity

Question 5

What bone forms the anterior 1/5th of the acetabulum?

Answer 5

Pubis

Question 6

The angle of the femoral shaft and head of the femur is approx what angle in adulthood?

Answer 6

120 degrees

Question 7

How is the acetabulum angled in space?

Answer 7

Laterally, inferiorly, and anteriorly

Question 8

Name the three joints that make up the pelvic girdle

Answer 8

Acetabularfemoral
Sacroiliac
Pubis symphysis

Question 9

What structure marks the widest point on the iliac crests?

Answer 9

Iliac Tubercle

Question 10

What is another name for a hip pointer?

Answer 10

Iliac Crest Contusion

Question 11

Contusion to the site or an avulsion of what muscles are involved usually with an iliac crest contusion?

Answer 11

Quadratus lumborum and or the abdominal muscles

Question 12

T or F

The greater trochanters should be a little higher than the pubic tubercles

Answer 12

False

Should be level

Question 13

What is a bucket handle fracture

Answer 13

When the superior and inferior pubic rami fractures with a separation or fracture of the contra-lateral SI joint

Question 14

Sprung pelvis =?

Answer 14

Separation of the pubic symphysis and both SI joints

Question 15

Straddle fracture =?

Answer 15

Bilateral superior pubic rami and ischiopubic fracture. usually resulting from a vertical compression trauma

Question 16

Where are the most common areas of the pelvis for avulsion fractures?

Answer 16

ASIS
AIIS
Ischial Tuberosity

Question 17

What muscle groups attach at the Symphysis?

Answer 17

Adductors

Question 18

T or F

The Sartorius attaches to the Anterior inferior iliac spine

Answer 18

False

The anterior superior iliac spine
The Rectus femoris attaches to the AIIS

Question 19

What muscle attaches to the lesser trochanter?

Answer 19

Iliopsoas

Question 20

What ligament attaches at the fovea capitis

Answer 20

Ligamentum Teres

Question 21

What is the inclination angle and what should it measure?

Answer 21

The angle between the femoral shaft and the neck

125-130 degrees but can vary with body types

Question 22

What is the angle that the femoral neck makes with the acetabulum called?

Answer 22

Angle of anteversion

Normal = 8-15 degrees

Question 23

What is an aka for femoral ante version?

Answer 23

Medial Femoral Torsion

Question 24

T or F

Femoral ante version gives a toe out gait

Answer 24

False

Toe-in

Question 25

How great does the angle between the femoral neck and the transcondylar axis have to be to be considered Femoral Anteversion

Answer 25

Greater than 15 degrees

Question 26

With Femoral retroversion the angle between the femoral neck and the transcondylar axis is less than ____

Answer 26

8 degrees

Question 27

Decreased femoral head torsion may result in what conditions?

Answer 27

Low back or sacroiliac pathologies Internal rotation of the tibia Supination of the feet

Question 28

AVN of the femoral capital epiphysis before close of the growth plate is known as?

Answer 28

Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

Question 29

T or F Legg-Calve-Perthese Disease is more common in males 5:1

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Pegg-Calve Perthese Disease would elicit a positive in what ortho test?

Answer 30

Trendelenberg Test

Question 31

What are the main causes of the Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?

Answer 31

Trauma Hereditary Nutritional Circulatory

Question 32

List the 4 stages of the Legg Calve Perthes Disease

Answer 32

Avascularization Revascularization Repair Deformity

Question 33

Name the 3 extra-articular ligaments that help provide stability at the hip joint

Answer 33

Iliofemoral ligament of Bertin/Bigelow Pubofemoral Ischiofemoral

Question 34

T or F The ischiofemoral ligament is the strongest ligament in the body

Answer 34

False Iliofemoral

Question 35

What muscle does the iliofemoral ligament blend with?

Answer 35

Iliopsoas

Question 36

T or F The iliofemoral ligament is oriented superior-laterally

Answer 36

True

Question 37

The pubofemoral ligament blends with what other structures?

Answer 37

Inferior band of the iliofemoral and pectineus muscle

Question 38

Name the most commonly injured ligament in the hip

Answer 38

Ischiofemoral ligament

Question 39

T or F | The medial band of the iliofemoral ligament limits external rotation & the medial band limits adduction

Answer 39

False Opposite

Question 40

What ligament limits abduction?

Answer 40

Pubofemoral

Question 41

What ligament limits internal rotation of the hip

Answer 41

Ischiofemoral

Question 42

Name the most powerful of hip flexors

Answer 42

Iliopsoas

Question 43

Name a muscle that adducts, flexes and internally rotates the hip

Answer 43

Pectineus

Question 44

What test could you do to test the TFL

Answer 44

Ober

Question 45

What motions does the TFL help perform

Answer 45

Flexing, abducting and internally rotation the hip

Question 46

What is the longest muscle in the body?

Answer 46

Sartorius

Question 47

What are the actions of Sartorius?

Answer 47

Flexion, abduction and external hip rotation with some degree of knee flexion

Question 48

What is the major internal rotator of the hip

Answer 48

Gluteus minimus

Question 49

Weakness of this muscle can result in a "lurch"

Answer 49

Gluteus Medius

Question 50

What muscle is an external rotator of the hip at less than 60 degrees of hip flexion?

Answer 50

Piriformis

Question 51

What happens to the muscle action of Piriformis at 90 degrees of hip flexion?

Answer 51

The Piriformis reverses its muscle action becoming an internal rotator and abductor of the hip

Question 52

What muscles extend the hip, flex the knee and internally rotate the tibia?

Answer 52

Semimembranosus + semitendinosus

Question 53

T or F The semimembranosus attaches more distally than the tedndinosus

Answer 53

False

Question 54

Name the hip adductors

Answer 54

Adductor magnus Adductor longus & brevis Gracilis

Question 55

The femoral triangle is defined superiorly by?

Answer 55

Inguinal ligament

Question 56

T or F The femoral triangle is defined medially by the sartorius

Answer 56

False Adductor longus Sartorius = lateral

Question 57

T or F The Femoral nerve lies lateral to the femoral artery

Answer 57

True

Question 58

Name the neurovascular structures that pass through the femoral triangle from medial to lateral

Answer 58

Femoral vein, artery and nerve

Question 59

Name the nerves that provide cutaneous innervation of the gluteal region

Answer 59

Subcostal nerves Iliohypogastric nerve DR L1 L2 L3 DPR - cluneal nerves of S1 S2 S3

Question 60

T or F The area superior to the inguinal ligament on the anterior region of the hip is supplied by the subcostal nerve, the femoral branch of the genitofemoral and the iliolingual nerve

Answer 60

False This is the inferior area of the inguinal ligament

Question 61

Is it more common for the common perennial nerve to pass superior or through the piriformis muscle

Answer 61

Through @ 11% | Superior to the muscle .9%

Question 62

T or F The medial femoral circumflex artery MFCA supplies the anterior portion of the capsule of the hip joint

Answer 62

False The MFCA perforates and supplies the posterior hip joint capsule and synovium

Question 63

What is the name of the terminal branch of the MFCA that supplies most of the femoral head

Answer 63

Lateral epiphyseal artery

Question 64

PRICE stands for

Answer 64

``` Protection Rest Ice Compression Elevation ```