Pathologies - Shoulder & Elbow Flashcards
A presentation of this pathology is clear crops of vesicles along the course of a cutaneous nerve.
Herpes Zoster aka Shingles
This pathology involves the upper brachial plexus (C5-C6) and is caused from a forceful depression of the shoulder during birth.
Erb’s Palsy aka Erb-Duchenne Paralysis
A common nick name or aka for Erb’s Palsy
“Waiter’s Tip” position of the arm
T or F
Nerve pain is not associated with Herpes Zoster
False!
Severe neuralgic pain
T or F
Erb’s Palsy involves the lower brachial plexus
False!
Upper
Describe the arm and hand position of someone with Erb’s Palsy
Arm internally rotated and adducted
T or F
Erb’s Palsy is a result of forceful elevation of the shoulder during birth.
False
Depression of shoulder!
What shoulder complex pathology involves the lower brachial plexus?
Klumpke’s Palsy
MOI for Klumpke’s Palsy
Stretching or tearing inferior part of the brachial plexus as a result of forceful pulling of the upper arm during birth
Klumpke’s Palsy involves impairment of what motions of the wrist?
Wrist flexion and movements of the intrinsic muscles of the hand.
Aka for Scheuermann’s Disease
Juvenile Kyphosis
How many vertebrae must be wedged anteriorly to form the kyphosis in Scheuermann’s Disease?
3 Continuous wedged anteriorly more than 5 degrees
What are the Characteristic radiographic findings of a young person with Scheuermann’s Disease
Anterior vertebrae wedging
Irregular Vertebral end plates
Loss of intervertebral disc height.
Describe Sprengel’s Deformity
- congenital abnormality
- partially undescended scapula
- develops prior to the 3rd month of skeletal development
T or F
Sprengel’s Deformity has a 2:1 female predominance
True
T or F
Some 60-80% of cases of scoliosis occur in females
True
aka for Costochondritis
Tietze’s Syndrome
T or F
Costochondritis is visible on films
False!
X-ray findings are lacking
Describe the adhesive process of Frozen Shoulder
An inflammation of the synovial layers causing an outpouring section of exudate, which contains proteins. The microscopic fibres attach to adjacent synovial layers which, then multiply, thicken and shorten
T or F
Scapular Winging is due to paralysis of the rhomboids
False!
Serratus Anterior
What nerve is affected in Scapular Winging?
Long Thoracic Nerve
What is Little Leaguer’s Elbow?
Avulsion of the medial epicondyle
Usually found in a child or adolescent and is usually associated with sports requiring strong throwing motions.
This condition is a fracture of the ulna near the junction of its proximal and middle thirds associated with a dislocation of the radial head.
Monteggia Fracture
Describe the Type 1 Monteggia Fracture
The radial head is dislocated anteriorly, with palmar angulation of the fractured shaft of the ulna
T or F
A pulled elbow results due to the ulna slipping out from under the medial collateral ligament
FALSE!!
Pulled Elbow = a lesion due to the RADIAL head slipping out from under the annular ligament, trapping the ligament in the radiohumeral articulation
How does a patient usually present when they are suffering from Olecranon Bursitis
With elbow held in semi-flexion position
How does one develop Olecranon Bursitis?
A fall on the tip of the elbow or direct blow to the olecranon can cause swelling.
OA and DJD are primarily disorders of…
Hyaline cartilage and subcondral bone
T or F
Women are affected by OA an DJD more than men
False!
Both equal
