Foot & Ankle

Question 0

Ankle Dorsiflexion test

Answer 0

Positive:

1. The foot cannot Dorsiflex with knee extended, but is able to with knee flexed
2. The foot cannot Dorsiflex in either knee position

Indicates:

1. Contracture of the gastrocnemius muscle
2. Contracture of the soleus muscle

Question 1

Drawer sign (anterior drawer sign of the ankle)

Answer 1

Positive: translation with the talus moving away from or toward the tibia

Indicates:

1. With tibia pushed/foot pulled; a tear/instability of the anterior talo fibular ligament
2. With the tibia pulled/foot pushed; a tear/instability of posterior talo fibular ligament

Question 2

Rigid or supple flat feet test

Answer 2

Positive:

1. Absence of medial longitudinal arch in both positions
2. Presence of medial longitudinal arch while seated with the loss of medial longitudinal arch while standing

Indicates:

1. Rigid flat feet
2. Supple flat feet

Question 3

Homans sign

Answer 3

Positive: deep pain in the calf

Indicates: deep vein thrombophlebitis

Question 4

Thompson test

Answer 4

Positive: absence of foot plantar flexion motion

Indicates: Achilles tendon rupture

Question 5

Morton test

Answer 5

Positive: sharp pain in the forefoot

Indicates: metatarsalgia or neuroma (usually at the third and fourth metatarsal space)