Hip & Pelvis

Question 0

Allis Sign (Galeazzi Sign)

Answer 0

2. If one knee is anterior = ipsilateral congenital hip dislocation or femoral discrepancy [contralateral anatomical short leg]

Positive: difference in height and anteriority of the knees.

Indicates: 1. If one knee is lower = ipsilateral congenital hip does dislocation or tibial discrepancy [anatomical short leg]

Question 1

Leg length discrepancy

Answer 1

Positive: different measurements

Indicates: true = abnormality above or below level of trochanter difference [anatomical short leg] apparent = obliquity (Tilted pelvis)

Question 2

Anvil Test

Answer 2

Positive: localized pain in the long bone or in hip joint.

Indicates: possible fracture of long bones, or hip joint pathology

Question 3

Patrick test a.k.a. Fabere sign

Answer 3

Positive: pain in the hip region

Indicates: hip joint pathology

Question 4

Laguerre Test

Answer 4

Positive:

1. pain in the hip joint.
2. pain in the sacroiliac joint

Indicates:

1. hip joint pathology
2. Mechanical problems of the sacroiliac joint

Question 5

Gaenslen Test

Answer 5

Positive: pain on the affected SI joint stressed into extension.

Indicates: General sacroiliac joint lesion, anterior sacral iliac ligament sprain, or inflammation of the SI joint

Question 6

Lewin-Gaenslen Test

Answer 6

Positive: pain on the affected SI joint stress into extension

Indicates: Gen. sacroiliac joint lesion, anterior sacral iliac ligament sprain, or inflammation of the SI joint

Question 7

Hibb Test

Answer 7

Positive:

1. Pain in the hip region
2. Pain in the buttock/pelvic region

Indicates:

1. Hip joint pathology
2. Sacroiliac joint lesion

Question 8

Ober Test

Answer 8

Positive: affected thigh remains in abduction. [Normal biomechanics, the thigh/hip will adduct].

Indicates: contraction of the iliotibial band or Tensor Fascia Lata, [usually secondary to synovitis of the hip, secondary to trauma of the gluteus medius and Maximus]

Question 9

Pelvic rock test a.k.a. iliac compression test

Answer 9

Positive: pain in either sacroiliac joint

Indicates: sacroiliac joint lesion

Question 10

Nachlas Test

Answer 10

Positive: pain in the buttock and or pain in the lumbar region

Indicates: sacroiliac joint lesion or lumbar pathology

Question 11

Yeoman Test

Answer 11

Positive: pain deep in the SI joint

Indicates: sprain of the anterior sacroiliac ligaments

Question 12

Ely Sign

Answer 12

Positive: hip on side being tested will flex causing the buttock to raise off the table

Indicates: rectus Femoris or hip flexor contracture

Question 13

Ely Heel to Buttock Test aka Ely Sign

Answer 13

Positive:

1. Inability to raise the thigh
2. Pain in the anterior thigh
3. Pain in the lumbar region

Indicates:

1. Iliopsoas spasm
2. Inflammation of the lumbar nerve roots
3. Lumbar nerve root adhesions

Question 14

Trendelenburg Test

Answer 14

Positive: high iliac crest on supported side and low crest on side of elevated leg

Indicates: weak gluteus medius muscle on the supported side

Question 15

ROM

Answer 15

Flexion 120° 
extension 30° 
abduction 45° 
abduction 45° 
internal rotation 45° 
external rotation 45°

Question 16

Bony palpation

Answer 16

Anterior: ASIS, iliac crest, iliac tubercle, greater trochanter

Posterior: PSIS, ischeal tuberosity,coccyx

Question 17

Soft tissue palpation

Answer 17

Femoral triangle borders: sartorius, abductor longest, inguinal ligament.
Quadriceps muscles: Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius, rectus Femoris
Greater trochanteric bursa, gluteus medias, gluteus maximus, sciatic nerve, cluneal nerves
Hamstrings: biceps femoris, semi tendinosis, semimembranosus