**The Great Depression / The New Deal**

Question 1

Hooverville

Answer 1

A shanty town built during the Great Depression by the homeless in the United States

Question 2

Bonus Army

Answer 2

-World War I veterans, together with their families and affiliated groups – who gathered in Washington, D.C. in mid-1932 to demand early cash redemption of their service certificates

Question 3

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Answer 3

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Question 4

The New Deal

Answer 4

• Program designed to alleviate the problems of the Great Depression
• A phrase taken from a campaign speech in which Roosevelt had promised “a new deal for the American people”
• Policies focused on three general goals: relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reform

Question 5

Alphabet Soup

Answer 5

New Deal agencies

Question 6

Deficit spending

Answer 6

• FDR got money - taxes from the future
• Spending more money than the government receives in revenue

Question 7

Relief

Answer 7

• Immediate action taken to halt economic deterioration, quick fix
  
  • Bank holiday
  • Emergency banking act
  • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
  • Deficit spending
  • Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
  • Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Question 8

Recovery

Answer 8

• Temporary programs to restart flow of consumer demand
  
  • National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
  • Tennessee Valley Authority
  • Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
  • Home Owners Land Corp.

Question 9

Reform

Answer 9

• Permanent programs to avoid another depression
  
  • Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
  • Soil Conservation Act (1933)
  • Securities and Exchange Act (SEC)
  • Social Security Administration (SSA)

Question 10

WPA

Answer 10

• Provided long-term government jobs building or improve schools, roads, bridges, and participating in other public works project
• Employed over 8.5 million people across the nation, 10% to unemployed artist

Question 11

Social security (administration)

Answer 11

• Provided a pension for retired workers and their spouses and aided people with disabilities
• Unemployment compensation
• Prevented the elderly from losing life savings

Question 12

FDIC

Answer 12

• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
• Provided federal insurance for individual bank accounts of up to $5,000 (today $250,000), reassuring millions of bank customers that their money was safe
• It also required banks to act cautiously with their customers’ money

Question 13

Bank holiday

Answer 13

Forced all banks in America to close - no run on banks

Question 14

FERA

Answer 14

• Federal Emergency Relief Act
• Funded with $500 million to provide direct relief for the needy
• Criticism - handouts

Question 15

AAA

Answer 15

• Agricultural Adjustment Act
• Controlled supply of 7 basic crops by paying farmers not to produce
• Create more demand and raise prices, many farmers forced off
• Goal was to raise crop prices

Question 16

How were the economic policies of FDR different than Hoover’s?

Answer 16

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Question 17

Why did the stock market collapse have a negative effect on people who didn’t own any stocks?

Answer 17

-

Question 18

What was FDR’s plan to get us out of the Depression? What were the three different stages of this plan?

Answer 18

-

Question 19

What are some reasons that FDR’s plan was so popular? What were some criticisms?

Answer 19

Popular:

Criticisms:

• FDR making himself king
• FDR accused of promoting socialism
• Program wasted federal money for unneeded projects
• Led to laziness
• People too dependent on government
• Debt
• Did not really fix the depression

Question 20

How did FDR change the size of the government and the power of the president?

Answer 20

-

Question 21

What did FDR want Americans to stop fearing?

Answer 21

Americans were afraid to spend money or to deposit money in the banks

Question 22

How did FDR pay for hid New Deal?

Answer 22

Deficit spending

Question 23

Why did many people fear FDR’s programs?

Answer 23

• They gave the president more power than ever before and some worried that he might become a dictator
  
  • Tried to add more judges to the Supreme Court – if his plans passed he would be unstoppable
  • Government giving out handouts

Question 24

Welfare state

Answer 24

When a government uses tax dollars to help citizens in need, usually through programs like food stamps and unemployment checks

Question 25

Cons of new technology in 1920s

Answer 25

• Drove many farmers into debt they couldn’t pay off
• Helped farmers destroy too much of the land in the Great Plains

Question 26

What group did the New Deal not help?

Answer 26

African Americans

Question 27

Why did FDR try (and fail) to pack the Supreme Court by adding more judges who thought like he did?

Answer 27

The Supreme Court has ruled several of his New Deal programs were unconstitutional and he was mad about that

Question 28

How did the government try to help farmers during the Great Depression?

Answer 28

Set a limit of the amount of crops farmers could produce