The Fetal Head & Brain Flashcards
With what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM
communicate?
A. Fourth ventricle
B. Third ventricle
C. Cerebellar vermis
D. Cerebral aqueduct
A. Fourth ventricle
The choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increase risk of:
A. Trisomy 13
B. Trisomy 4
C. Arnold–Chiari II malformation
D. Trisomy 18
D. Trisomy 18
All of the following are sonographic findings of Arnold–Chiari II
malformation except:
A. Enlarged massa intermedia
B. Hydrocephalus
C. Obliteration of the cisterna magna
D. Strawberry sign
D. Strawberry sign
Which of the following is located on both sides of the midline?
A. Interhemispheric fissures
B. Third and fourth ventricles
C. Lateral ventricles
D. Third ventricle and cerebral aqueduct
C. Lateral ventricles
Which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of the
corpus callosum?
A. Cerebellar vermis
B. CSP
C. Third ventricle
D. Fourth ventricle
B. CSP
The double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is
the:
A. Cerebellum
B. CSP
C. Corpus callosum
D. Falx cerebri
D. Falx cerebri
The development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent
with:
A. Holoprosencephaly
B. Lissencephaly
C. Schizencephaly
D. Hydranencephaly
C. Schizencephaly
The anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns of
the lateral ventricles is the:
A. CSP
B. Cavum vergae
C. Corpus callosum
D. Fourth ventricle
A. CSP
The “sunburst” of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of:
A .DWM
B. Agenesis of the corpus callosum
C. Colpocephaly
D. Hydranencephaly
B. Agenesis of the corpus callosum
Enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horns is
termed:
A. Holoprosencephaly
B. DWM
C. Colpocephaly
D. Apert syndrome
C. Colpocephaly
The interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the:
A. Third ventricle
B. Fourth ventricle
C. Cisterna magna
D. CSP
A. Third ventricle
The most severe form of holoprosencephaly is:
A. Lobar
B. Alobar
C. Semilobar
D. Lobular
B. Alobar
Which of the following is a genetic disorder that includes
craniosynostosis, midline facial hypoplasia, and syndactyly?
A. Lobar holoprosencephaly
B. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
C. Arnold–Chiari II malformation
D. Apert syndrome
D. Apert syndrome
The third ventricle is located:
A. Anterior to the thalamus
B. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis
C. Between the two lobes of the thalamus
D. Superior to the corpus callosum
C. Between the two lobes of the thalamus
What chromosomal aberration is most often associated with
holoprosencephaly?
A. Anophthalmia
B. Trisomy 21
C. Trisomy 13
D. Trisomy 18
C. Trisomy 13
Dangling choroid sign is associated with:
A. Ventriculomegaly
B. Hydranencaphaly
C. Lissencephaly
D. Meckel–Gruber syndro
A. Ventriculomegaly
The third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the:
A. Foramen of Magendie
B. Foramen of Luschka
C. Foramen of Monro
D. Aqueduct of Sylvius
D. Aqueduct of Sylvius
The fourth ventricle is located:
A. Posterior to the CSP
B. Between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles
C. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis
D. Medial to the third ventricle
C. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis
The structure located between the two lobes of the cerebellum is the:
A. Cerebellar vermis
B. Cerebellar tonsils
C. Falx cerebri
D. Corpus callosum
A. Cerebellar vermis
A normal shaped skull is termed:
A. Dolichocephaly
B. Brachycephaly
C. Mesocephaly
D. Scaphocephaly
C. Mesocephaly
The most accurate measurement for estimating gestational age is:
A. BPD
B. HC
C. Transcerebellar measurement
D. Lateral ventricle
B. HC
The cisterna magna should not exceed ____ in the transcerebellar plane.
A. 4 mm
B. 2 mm
C. 8 mm
D. 10 mm
D. 10 mm
A strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with:
A. Trisomy 21
B. Trisomy 15
C. Trisomy 18
D. Trisomy 13
C. Trisomy 18
Which of the following would be the most likely fetal cranial findings
with TORCH infections?
A. Intracranial calcification
B. Cerebral atrophy
C. Porencephaly
D. Scaphocephaly
A. Intracranial calcification
The band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left
cerebral hemispheres is the:
A. Falx cerebri
B. Corpus callosum
C. Cerebellar vermis
D. CSP
B. Corpus callosum
A cloverleaf-shaped skull is related to:
A. Trisomy 18
B. Meckel–Gruber syndrome
C. Trisomy 13
D. Thanatophoric dysplasia
D. Thanatophoric dysplasia
A lemon-shaped skull is related to:
A. Trisomy 2
B. Arnold–Chiari II malformation
C. Thanatophoric dysplasia
D. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
B. Arnold–Chiari II malformation
All of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencephaly except:
A. Cyclopia
B. Monoventricle
C. Dorsal cyst
D. Fused thalamus
C. Dorsal cyst
What cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly
associated with?
A. DWM
B. Schizencephaly
C. Lissencephaly
D. Holoprosencephaly
D. Holoprosencephaly
Absence of the skull is:
A. Hydranencephaly
B. Schizencephaly
C. Acrania
D. Ventriculomegaly
C. Acrania
What fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of
the forehead?
A. Squamosal suture
B. Sagittal suture
C. Lambdoidal suture
D. Metopic suture
D. Metopic suture
The most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is:
A. Cerebral hemorrhage
B. Holoprosencephaly
C. Brain tumors
D. Aqueductal stenosis
D. Aqueductal stenosis
The sonographic finding of a fluid-filled cranium with absence of
cerebral tissue is consistent with:
A. Hydrocephalus
B. Hydranencephaly
C. Holoprosencephaly
D. Schizencephaly
B. Hydranencephaly
The lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of:
A. Agenesis of the corpus callosum
B. Lissencephaly
C. Schizencephaly
D. Porencephaly
B. Lissencephaly
A cisterna magna that measure 15 mm and a normal appearing
cerebellum is most likely:
A. Arnold–Chiari II malformation
B. Schizencephaly
C. Mega cisterna magna
D. DWM
C. Mega cisterna magna
What cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis or hypoplasia of the
cerebellar vermis?
A. Arnold–Chiari II malformation
B. Schizencephaly
C. Mega cisterna magna
D. DWM
D. DWM
Which of the following would not be normally located within the midline
of the fetal brain?
A. CSP
B. Lobes of the thalamus
C. Third ventricle
D. Falx cerebri
B. Lobes of the thalamus
The condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occipital horns
are enlarged is referred to as:
A. Ethmocephaly
B. Hydrocephalus
C. Colpocephaly
D. Encephalitis
C. Colpocephaly
Following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the
cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. This is referred to
as:
A. Schizencephaly
B. Lissencephaly
C. Holoprosencephaly
D. Porencephaly
D. Porencephaly
Which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an
HC measurement?
A. Falx cerebri
B. Fourth ventricle
C. Thalamus
D. CSP
B. Fourth ventricle
