The Fetal Head & Brain Flashcards by Sonography Student

With what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM
communicate?
A. Fourth ventricle
B. Third ventricle
C. Cerebellar vermis
D. Cerebral aqueduct

A. Fourth ventricle

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The choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increase risk of:
A. Trisomy 13
B. Trisomy 4
C. Arnold–Chiari II malformation
D. Trisomy 18

D. Trisomy 18

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All of the following are sonographic findings of Arnold–Chiari II
malformation except:
A. Enlarged massa intermedia
B. Hydrocephalus
C. Obliteration of the cisterna magna
D. Strawberry sign

D. Strawberry sign

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Which of the following is located on both sides of the midline?
A. Interhemispheric fissures
B. Third and fourth ventricles
C. Lateral ventricles
D. Third ventricle and cerebral aqueduct

C. Lateral ventricles

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Which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of the
corpus callosum?
A. Cerebellar vermis
B. CSP
C. Third ventricle
D. Fourth ventricle

B. CSP

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The double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is
the:
A. Cerebellum
B. CSP
C. Corpus callosum
D. Falx cerebri

D. Falx cerebri

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The development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent
with:
A. Holoprosencephaly
B. Lissencephaly
C. Schizencephaly
D. Hydranencephaly

C. Schizencephaly

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The anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns of
the lateral ventricles is the:
A. CSP
B. Cavum vergae
C. Corpus callosum
D. Fourth ventricle

A. CSP

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The “sunburst” of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of:
A .DWM
B. Agenesis of the corpus callosum
C. Colpocephaly
D. Hydranencephaly

B. Agenesis of the corpus callosum

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Enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horns is
termed:
A. Holoprosencephaly
B. DWM
C. Colpocephaly
D. Apert syndrome

C. Colpocephaly

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The interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the:
A. Third ventricle
B. Fourth ventricle
C. Cisterna magna
D. CSP

A. Third ventricle

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The most severe form of holoprosencephaly is:
A. Lobar
B. Alobar
C. Semilobar
D. Lobular

B. Alobar

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Which of the following is a genetic disorder that includes
craniosynostosis, midline facial hypoplasia, and syndactyly?
A. Lobar holoprosencephaly
B. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
C. Arnold–Chiari II malformation
D. Apert syndrome

D. Apert syndrome

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The third ventricle is located:
A. Anterior to the thalamus
B. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis
C. Between the two lobes of the thalamus
D. Superior to the corpus callosum

C. Between the two lobes of the thalamus

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What chromosomal aberration is most often associated with
holoprosencephaly?
A. Anophthalmia
B. Trisomy 21
C. Trisomy 13
D. Trisomy 18

C. Trisomy 13

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Dangling choroid sign is associated with:
A. Ventriculomegaly
B. Hydranencaphaly
C. Lissencephaly
D. Meckel–Gruber syndro

A. Ventriculomegaly

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The third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the:
A. Foramen of Magendie
B. Foramen of Luschka
C. Foramen of Monro
D. Aqueduct of Sylvius

D. Aqueduct of Sylvius

The fourth ventricle is located:
A. Posterior to the CSP
B. Between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles
C. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis
D. Medial to the third ventricle

C. Anterior to the cerebellar vermis

The structure located between the two lobes of the cerebellum is the:
A. Cerebellar vermis
B. Cerebellar tonsils
C. Falx cerebri
D. Corpus callosum

A. Cerebellar vermis

A normal shaped skull is termed:
A. Dolichocephaly
B. Brachycephaly
C. Mesocephaly
D. Scaphocephaly

C. Mesocephaly

The most accurate measurement for estimating gestational age is:
A. BPD
B. HC
C. Transcerebellar measurement
D. Lateral ventricle

B. HC

The cisterna magna should not exceed ____ in the transcerebellar plane.
A. 4 mm
B. 2 mm
C. 8 mm
D. 10 mm

D. 10 mm

A strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with:
A. Trisomy 21
B. Trisomy 15
C. Trisomy 18
D. Trisomy 13

C. Trisomy 18

Which of the following would be the most likely fetal cranial findings
with TORCH infections?
A. Intracranial calcification
B. Cerebral atrophy
C. Porencephaly
D. Scaphocephaly

A. Intracranial calcification

The band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the: A. Falx cerebri B. Corpus callosum C. Cerebellar vermis D. CSP

B. Corpus callosum

A cloverleaf-shaped skull is related to: A. Trisomy 18 B. Meckel–Gruber syndrome C. Trisomy 13 D. Thanatophoric dysplasia

D. Thanatophoric dysplasia

A lemon-shaped skull is related to: A. Trisomy 2 B. Arnold–Chiari II malformation C. Thanatophoric dysplasia D. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome

B. Arnold–Chiari II malformation

All of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencephaly except: A. Cyclopia B. Monoventricle C. Dorsal cyst D. Fused thalamus

C. Dorsal cyst

What cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with? A. DWM B. Schizencephaly C. Lissencephaly D. Holoprosencephaly

D. Holoprosencephaly

Absence of the skull is: A. Hydranencephaly B. Schizencephaly C. Acrania D. Ventriculomegaly

C. Acrania

What fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead? A. Squamosal suture B. Sagittal suture C. Lambdoidal suture D. Metopic suture

D. Metopic suture

The most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is: A. Cerebral hemorrhage B. Holoprosencephaly C. Brain tumors D. Aqueductal stenosis

D. Aqueductal stenosis

The sonographic finding of a fluid-filled cranium with absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with: A. Hydrocephalus B. Hydranencephaly C. Holoprosencephaly D. Schizencephaly

B. Hydranencephaly

The lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of: A. Agenesis of the corpus callosum B. Lissencephaly C. Schizencephaly D. Porencephaly

B. Lissencephaly

A cisterna magna that measure 15 mm and a normal appearing cerebellum is most likely: A. Arnold–Chiari II malformation B. Schizencephaly C. Mega cisterna magna D. DWM

C. Mega cisterna magna

What cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis? A. Arnold–Chiari II malformation B. Schizencephaly C. Mega cisterna magna D. DWM

D. DWM

Which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain? A. CSP B. Lobes of the thalamus C. Third ventricle D. Falx cerebri

B. Lobes of the thalamus

The condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occipital horns are enlarged is referred to as: A. Ethmocephaly B. Hydrocephalus C. Colpocephaly D. Encephalitis

C. Colpocephaly

Following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. This is referred to as: A. Schizencephaly B. Lissencephaly C. Holoprosencephaly D. Porencephaly

D. Porencephaly

Which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurement? A. Falx cerebri B. Fourth ventricle C. Thalamus D. CSP

B. Fourth ventricle