The Fetal Gastrointestinal System Flashcards by Sonography Student

Hepatomegaly would least likely be associated with:
A. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
B. Fetal anemia
C. Intrauterine infections
D. Gastroschisis

D. Gastroschisis

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Normally, physiologic bowel herniation resolves by:
A. 8 weeks
B. 10 weeks
C. 24 weeks
D. 12 weeks

D. 12 weeks

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Which of the following is most often associated with duodenal atresia?
A. Trisomy 21
B. Trisomy 18
C. Trisomy 13
D. Triploidy

A. Trisomy 21

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Hepatomegaly would be seen in conjunction with:
A. Down syndrome
B. Edwards syndrome
C. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
D. Hirschsprung disease

C. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome

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Pentalogy of Cantrell includes all of the following findings except:
A. Cardiovascular malformations
B. Diaphragmatic malformations
C. Omphalocele
D. Gastroschisis

D. Gastroschisis

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An excessive amount of amniotic fluid is termed:
A. Polyhydramnios
B. Oligohydramnios
C. Esophageal atresia
D. Amniotic fluid index

A. Polyhydramnios

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The most common abnormality of the fetal liver is:
A. Gallstones
B. Hepatocellular lymphadenopathy
C. Cirrhosis
D. Hepatomegaly

D. Hepatomegaly

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Congenital maldevelopment of the proximal portion of the small intestine
is termed:
A. VACTERL association
B. Esophageal atresia
C. Duodenal atresia
D. Jejunal atresia

C. Duodenal atresia

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A functional bowel disorder within the fetus that is caused by the absence
of intestinal nerves is found in:
A. Gastroschisis
B. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
C. Omphalocele
D. Hirschsprung disease

D. Hirschsprung disease

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Which of the following is associated with echogenic bowel?
A. Fetal anemia
B. Cystic fibrosis
C. Radial ray syndrome
D. Portal hypertension

B. Cystic fibrosis

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What chromosomal anomaly is associated with echogenic bowel?
A. Trisomy 18
B. Trisomy 13
C. Trisomy 21
D. Triploidy

C. Trisomy 21

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The herniation of the bowel into the base of the umbilical cord before 12
weeks is termed:
A. Gastroschisis
B. Omphalocele
C. Hernia umbilicus
D. Physiologic herniation

D. Physiologic herniation

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All of the following are associated with omphalocele except:
A. Trisomy 18
B. Pentalogy of Cantrell
C. Intrauterine growth restriction
D. Hirschsprung disease

D. Hirschsprung disease

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The fetal stomach should be visualized by:
A. 6 weeks
B. 14 weeks
C. 20 weeks
D. 18 weeks

B. 14 weeks

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All of the following are associated with esophageal atresia except:
A. Down syndrome
B. VACTERL association
C. Edwards syndrome
D. Oligohydramnios

D. Oligohydramnios

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An abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea is termed:
A. Esophageal-duodenal herniation
B. Double bubble sign
C. Esophageal atresia
D. Tracheoesophageal fistula

D. Tracheoesophageal fistula

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In what location does gastroschisis occur more often?
A. Left lateral of the cord insertion
B. Right lateral of the cord insertion
C. Just superior to the fetal bladder
D. Base of the umbilical cord

B. Right lateral of the cord insertion

The congenital absence of part of the esophagus is termed:
A. Duodenal atresia
B. VACTERL association
C. Down syndrome
D. Esophageal atresia

D. Esophageal atresia

The “double bubble” sign is indicative of:
A. Esophageal atresia
B. Duodenal atresia
C. Hydrocephalus
D. Anorectal atresia

B. Duodenal atresia

All of the following are associated with gastroschisis except:
A. Normal cord insertion
B. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities
C. Elevated MSAFP
D. Periumbilical mass

B. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities

Which of the following laboratory values would be significant in the
detection of an abdominal wall defect?
A. MSAFP
B. Human chorionic gonadotropin
C. Maternal serum amylase
D. Estradiol

A. MSAFP

What is an inherited disorder in which mucus secreting organs such as
the lungs, pancreas, and other digestive organs produce thick and sticky
secretions instead of normal secretions?
A. Hirschsprung disease
B. Cystic fibrosis
C. Multiple sclerosis
D. Turner syndrome

B. Cystic fibrosis

What organ(s) produces amniotic fluid after 12 weeks?
A. Fetal liver and the spleen
B. Fetal intestines and lungs
C. Fetal intestines and the liver
D. Fetal kidneys

D. Fetal kidneys

An omphalocele is associated with all of the following except:
A. Pentalogy of Cantrell
B. Trisomy 18
C. Patau syndrome
D. Meconium aspiration syndrome

D. Meconium aspiration syndrome

Duodenal atresia and esophageal atresia are associated with: A. Oligohydramnios B. Polyhydramnios C. Normal amniotic fluid index D. Anhydramnios

B. Polyhydramnios

The fetal gut develops at the end of the fifth menstrual week and can be divided into all of the following except: A. Midgut B. Foregut C. Centralgut D. Hindgut

C. Central gut

Intrauterine growth restriction is defined as: A. A small-for-dates fetus B. A fetus that falls below the 10th percentile for gestational age C. A fetus that is immunocompromised and has decreased umbilical cord Doppler ratios for gestational age D. A fetus that fall below the fifth percentile for gestational age

B. A fetus that falls below the 10th percentile for gestational age

Which of the following best describes a choledochal cyst? A. It is the cystic dilatation of the common bile duct. B. It is the herniation of the abdominal contents into the umbilical cord. C. It is the congenital absence of the cystic duct. D. It is the inflammation of the biliary tree caused by extrinsic obstruction.

A. It is the cystic dilatation of the common bile duct.

Fetal stool is termed: A. Plicae B. Meconium C. Laguna D. Lanugo

B. Meconium

All of the following are associated with omphalocele except: A. Normal cord insertion B. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities C. Elevated MSAFP D. Periumbilical mass

A. Normal cord insertion

An omphalocele may contain: A. Fetal liver B. Ascites C. Fetal colon D. All of the above

D. All of the above

The congenital maldevelopment of the rectum and absence of anal opening is termed: A. Jejunal atresia B. Intussusception C. Anorectal atresia D. Duodenal atresia

C. Anorectal atresia

All of the following are associated with duodenal atresia except: A. Trisomy 21 B. Esophageal atresia C. VACTERL association D. Turner syndrome

D. Turner syndrome

Which of the following would be least likely associated with an elevated MSAFP? A. Pentalogy of Cantrell B. Anorectal atresia C. Gastroschisis D. Omphalocele

B. Anorectal atresia

Which of the following is considered to be the most common type of colonic atresia? A. Duodenal atresia B. Jejunal atresia C. Anorectal atresia D. Intussusception

C. Anorectal atresia

Fetal meconium typically consists of all of the following except: A. Skin B. Hair C. Bile D. Blood

D. Blood

Which of the following would be most likely associated with an excessive amount of amniotic fluid? A. Duodenal atresia B. Hepatomegaly C. Bilateral renal agenesis D. Physiologic bowel herniation

A. Duodenal atresia

Which of the following would be most likely associated with oligohydramnios? A. Duodenal atresia B. Hepatomegaly C. Bilateral renal agenesis D. Physiologic bowel herniation

C. Bilateral renal agenesis

The majority of amniotic fluid is composed of: A. Fetal blood B. Fetal serous fluid C. Maternal serous fluid D. Fetal urine

D. Fetal urine

All of the following are sonographic findings of esophageal atresia except: A. Absent stomach B. Polyhydramnios C. Macrosomia D. Intrauterine growth restriction

C. Macrosomia