Multiple Gestations Flashcards
Which of the following is not a sonographic sign of a dichorionic
diamniotic gestation?
A. Twin peak sign
B. Lambda Sign
C. Delta Sign
D. T sign
D. T sign
Twins that have the threat of being conjoined are:
A. Monochorionic monoamniotic
B. Monochorionic diamniotic
C. Dizygotic
D. Dichorionic diamniotic
A. Monochorionic monoamniotic
Which of the following would a newborn most likely suffer from if he or
she were born prior to 32 weeks as a result of multiple gestation
complications?
A. Ascites
B. Pulmonary hypoplasia
C. Amnionitis
D. Preeclampsia
B. Pulmonary hypoplasia
The inner membrane surrounding the fetus is referred to as the:
A. Placenta
B. Chorion
C. Amnion
D. Yolk Sac
C. Amnion
Twins that result from the fertilization of two separate ova are called:
A. Diamniotic
B. Dizygotic
C. Monozygotic
D. Monochorionic
B. Dizygotic
What condition is pregnancy-induced maternal high blood pressure and
excess protein in the urine after 20 weeks’ gestation?
A. Gestational diabetes
B. Preeclampsia
C. Porencephaly
D. Maternal mirror syndrome
B. Preeclampsia
The outer membrane of the gestation is referred to as the:
A. Placenta
B. Chorion
C. Amnion
D. Yolk sac
B. Chorion
Which of the following would not increase the likelihood of multiple
gestations?
A. Gestational diabetes
B. Maternal age of >40 years
C. Maternal history of twins
D. ART
A. Gestational diabetes
Twins whose bodies are connected at some point are said to be:
A. Fraternal
B. Conjoined
C. Identical
D. Stuck
B. Conjoined
The term that indicates the presence of two separate amniotic sacs is:
A. Dichorionic
B. Bichorionic
C. Monoamniotic
D. Diamniotic
D. Diamniotic
Twins having two placentas and one amniotic sac are referred to as:
A. Monochorionic diamniotic
B. Monoamniotic dichorionic
C. Dichorionic monoamniotic
D. This does not occur
D. This does not occur
What is it called when a twin fetus, suffering from TTTS, experiences
severe oligohydramnios and becomes closely adhered to the uterine wall?
A. Acardiac monster
B. Vanishing twin
C. Acardiac twin
D. Stuck twin
D. Stuck twin
Which term relates the number of amniotic sacs?
A. Chorionicity
B. Placentation
C. Amnionicity
D. Embryology
C. Amnionicity
Twins having one placenta and one amniotic sac are referred to as:
A. Dichorionic monoamniotic
B. Dichorionic diamniotic
C. Monochorionic diamniotic
D. Monochorionic monoamniotic
D. Monochorionic monoamniotic
Which term relates the number of placentas?
A. Chorionicity
B. Zygocity
C. Amnionicity
D. Cleavage
A. Chorionicity
Identical twins result from:
A. Monozygotic twinning
B. Dizygotic twinning
C. Heterotopic pregnancies
D. Monochorionic pregnancies
A. Monozygotic twinning
The sonographic examination of twins reveals a triangular extension of
the placenta at the base of the membrane. This finding is indicative of:
A. Monochorionic monoamniotic twins
B. Monochorionic diamniotic twins
C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins
D. Monochorionic diamniotic twins
C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins
Asymmetry in fetal weight between twins is indicative of:
A. Discordant growth
B. Preeclampsia
C. Dichorionic diamniotic twinning
D. Intrauterine infections
A. Discordant growth
Twins having two placentas and two amniotic sacs are referred to as:
A. Monochorionic diamniotic
B. Biamniotic dichorionic
C. Dichorionic diamniotic
D. Dichorionic biamniotic
C. Dichorionic diamniotic
Typically, the first sonographic manifestation of TTTS is:
A. Oligohydramnios
B. Polyhydramnios
C. Dichorionic twinning
D. Discordant fetal growth
D. Discordant fetal growth
Conjoined twins that are attached at the abdomen are referred to as:
A. Omphalopagus
B. Thoracopagus
C. Ileopagus
D. Craniopagus
A. Omphalopagus
Monozygotic twins result from:
A. A single zygote that splits
B. Two zygotes that are fertilized by the same sperm
C. Two morulla
D. A single zygote that is fertilized by two sperm
A. A single zygote that splits
The demise of a twin during the second or third trimester can lead to:
A. TTTS
B. Twin embolization syndrome
C. Twin peak sign
D. Acardiac twinning
B. Twin embolization syndrome
The term that indicates the presence of two separate placentas is:
A. Dichorionic
B. Bichorionic
C. Monoamniotic
D. Diamniotic
A. Dichorionic
What is a treatment that separates abnormal placental vascular
connections between twins that are suffering from TTTS?
A. Cleavage-laser resection treatment
B. Endoscopic-guided laser photocoagulation
C. Endemic translocation of placental vessels
D. Circumvallate resection of shared placental vasculature
B. Endoscopic-guided laser photocoagulation
The shunting of blood from one twin to the other is termed:
A. TTTS
B. Twin embolization syndrome
C. Twin peak sign
D. Conjoined twins
A. TTTS
Factors that increase the likelihood of having multiple gestations include
all of the following except:
A. Advanced maternal age
B. Ovulation induction drugs
C. Poor nutritional state
D. Maternal predisposition for twins
C. Poor nutritional state
TRAP syndrome may also be referred to as:
A. TTRS
B. Vanishing twin syndrome
C. Twin embolization syndrome
D. Acardiac twinning
D. Acardiac twinning
Which of the following can occur as a result of dizygotic twinning?
A. Monochorionic diamniotic twins
B. Monochorionic monoamniotic twins
C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins
D. All of the above
C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins
The abnormal twin in acardiac twinning is also referred to as the:
A. Pump twin
B. Parasitic twin
C. Stuck twin
D. Vanishing twin
B. Parasitic twin
The twin that will appear larger in TTTS is the:
A. Donor
B. Recipient
C. Both will be the same
D. Both will be demised
B. Recipient
Fraternal twins result from:
A. Monozygotic twinning
B. Dizygotic twinning
C. Heterotopic pregnancies
D. Monochorionic pregnancies
B. Dizygotic twinning
What is the term for conjoined twins attached at the sacral region?
A. Sacralpagus
B. Omphalopagus
C. Pyopagus
D. Thoracopagus
C. Pyopagus
Which of the following can occur as a result of monozygotic twinning?
A. Monochorionic diamniotic twins
B. Monochorionic monoamniotic twins
C. Dichorionic diamniotic twins
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The most common form of monozygotic twins is:
A. Monochorionic diamniotic
B. Dichorionic monoamniotic
C. Monochorionic monoamniotic
D. None of the above
A. Monochorionic diamniotic
All of the following complications are associated with multiple gestations
except:
A. Preterm delivery
B. High birth weight
C. Maternal anemia
D. Maternal preeclampsia
B. High birth weight
Acardiac twinning results from:
A. Poor maternal nutrition
B. Dizygotic gestations
C. Abnormal links between the placental vessels
D. Twin embolization syndrome
C. Abnormal links between the placental vessels
Ovulation induction drugs not only increase the likelihood of multiple
gestations, but also increase the likelihood of:
A. Maternal diabetes
B. Ovarian prolapse
C. Heterotopic pregnancies
D. Choriocarcinoma
C. Heterotopic pregnancies
Which form of monozygotic twinning is least common?
A. Monochorionic diamniotic
B. Monochorionic monoamniotic
C. Dichorionic diamniotic
D. Dichorionic biamniotic
B. Monochorionic monoamniotic
The demise of a twin can lead to the development of neurologic
complications in the living twin as a result of:
A. Twin embolization syndrome
B. TTTS
C. TRAP syndrome
D. Dichorionicity
A. Twin embolization syndrome
