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OBGYN REGISTRY PRACTICE > The Fetal Face & Neck > Flashcards

The Fetal Face & Neck Flashcards

1
Q

The isolated enlargement of the fetal thyroid is referred to as:
A. Fetal goiter
B. Cystic hygroma
C. Lymphangioma
D. Cervical teratoma

A

A. Fetal goiter

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2
Q

The absence of the eyes is termed:
A. Agyria
B. Epignathus
C. Hypotelorism
D. Anophthalmia

A

D. Anophthalmia

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3
Q

A reduction in the distance between the orbits is referred to as:
A. Anophthalmia
B. Micrognathia
C. Hypertelorism
D. Hypotelorism

A

D. Hypotelorism

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4
Q

An increased nuchal fold is most likely associated with:
A. Dandy–Walker syndrome
B. Trisomy 21
C. Trisomy 3
D. Nuchal cord

A

B. Trisomy 21

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5
Q

The most frequently encountered chromosomal abnormality associated
with holoprosencephaly is:
A. Triploidy
B. Trisomy 21
C. Trisomy 18
D. Trisomy 13

A

D. Trisomy 13

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6
Q

What is the term for a smaller than normal ear?
A. Microphthalmia
B. Micronatia
C. Microtia
D. Micrognathia

A

C. Microtia

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7
Q

The fetal lip typically closes by:
A. 18 weeks
B. 8 weeks
C. 13 weeks
D. 6 weeks

A

B. 8 weeks

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8
Q

The most common cause of hypertelorism is:
A. Dandy–Walker malformation
B. Anencephaly
C. Anterior cephalocele
D. Holoprosencephaly

A

C. Anterior cephalocele

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9
Q

Macroglossia is most commonly found with:
A. Anencephaly
B. Holoprosencephaly
C. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
D. Cystic hygroma

A

C. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome

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10
Q

An oral teratoma is referred to as:
A. Macroglossia
B. Epignathus
C. Micrognathia
D. Ethmocephaly

A

B. Epignathus

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11
Q

There is a definite link between microtia and what syndrome?
A. Rays syndrome
B. VACTERL syndrome
C. Down syndrome
D. Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome

A

C. Down syndrome

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12
Q

Which of the following would be most difficult to detect sonographically?
A. Cleft lip and cleft palate
B. Isolated cleft lip
C. Isolated cleft palate
D. Isolated median cleft

A

C. Isolated cleft palate

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13
Q

An increase distance between the orbits is referred to as:
A. Hypotelorism
B. Hypertelorism
C. Anophthalmia
D. Micrognathia

A

B. Hypertelorism

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14
Q

The optimal scan plane to visualize micrognathia is:
A. Transverse
B. Axial
C. Sagittal
D. Coronal

A

C. Sagittal

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15
Q

A cystic hygroma is the result of:
A. Alcohol consumption in the first trimester
B. An abnormal development of the roof of the fourth ventricle
C. Occlusion of the internal carotid arteries
D. An abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue

A

D. An abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue

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16
Q

Which of following would most likely involve the development of a
cystic hygroma?
A. Beckwith–Weidemann syndrome
B. Hydranencephaly
C. Turner syndrome
D. Klinefelter syndrome

A

C. Turner syndrome

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17
Q

Which of the following may also be referred to as Turner syndrome?
A. Down syndrome
B. Trisomy 15
C. Trisomy 13
D. Monosomy X

A

D. Monosomy X

18
Q

Nuchal thickening is most commonly associated with:
A. Patau syndrome
B. Hydranencephaly
C. Down syndrome
D. Cebocephaly

A

C. Down syndrome

19
Q

Micrognathia is a condition found in:
A. Dandy-Walker complex
B. Hydranencephaly
C. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome
D. Trisomy 18

A

D. Trisomy 18

20
Q

The most common location of a cystic hygroma is within the:
A. Axilla
B. Neck
C. Chest
D. Groin

21
Q

An absent or hypoplastic nasal bone is most likely associated with:
A. Trisomy 21
B. Trisomy 15
C. Trisomy 18
D. Turner syndrome

A

A. Trisomy 21

22
Q

An unusual protuberance of the tongue is termed:
A. Epignathus
B. Macrognathia
C. Pharyngoglossia
D. Macroglossia

A

D. Macroglossia

23
Q

Facial anomalies, when discovered, should prompt the sonographer to
analyze the brain closely for signs of:
A. Holoprosencephaly
B. Dandy–Walker malformation
C. Schizencephaly
D. Hydranencephaly

A

A. Holoprosencephaly

24
Q

The measurement obtained between the lateral walls of the orbits is
referred to as the:
A. Interocular diameter
B. Binocular diameter
C. Ocular diameter
D. Biparietal diameter

A

B. Binocular diameter

25
Q

Which of the following is a benign congenital neck cysts found most
often near the angle of the mandible?
A. Epignathus
B. Branchial cleft cyst
C. Thyroglossal duct cyst
D. Fetal goiter

A

B. Branchial cleft cyst

26
Q

A large, mostly cystic mass containing a thick, midline septation is noted
in the cervical spine region of a fetus. This most likely represents a(n):
A. Sacrococcygeal teratoma
B. Cystic hygroma
C. Cephalocele
D. Anophthalmia

A

B. Cystic hygroma

27
Q

A group of abnormalities associated with the entrapment of fetal parts and fetal amputations is:
A. Cystic hygroma
B. Edwards syndrome
C. Ethmocephaly
D. Amniotic band syndrome

A

D. Amniotic band syndrome

28
Q

The growth disorder syndrome synonymous with organ, skull, and tongue enlargement is:
A. Klinefelter syndrome
B. Apert syndrome
C. Meckel–Gruber syndrome
D. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome

A

D. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome

29
Q

Which of the following is also referred to as Patau syndrome?
A. Trisomy 18
B. Trisomy 21
C. Trisomy 12
D. Trisomy 13

A

D. Trisomy 13

30
Q

Close-set eyes and a nose with a single nostril is termed:
A. Cebocephaly
B. Cyclopia
C. Ethmocephaly
D. Epignathus

A

A. Cebocephaly

31
Q

Which of the following conditions does not affect the orbits?
A. Cebocephaly
B. Cyclopia
C. Ethmocephaly
D. Epignathus

A

D. Epignathus

32
Q

An abnormal division in the lip is referred to as:
A. Micrognathia
B. Cleft lip
C. Anophthalmia
D. Cebocephaly

A

B. Cleft lip

33
Q

At what level is the nuchal fold measurement obtained?
A. Cavum septum pellucidum
B. Occipital horns of the lateral ventricle
C. Brain stem
D. Foramen magna

A

A. Cavum septum pellucidum

34
Q

Fusion of the orbits is termed:
A. Microglossia
B. Cebocephaly
C. Cyclopia
D. Ethmocephaly

A

C. Cyclopia

35
Q

Which of the following is also referred to as trisomy 21?
A. Edwards syndrome
B. Patau syndrome
C. Meckel–Gruber syndrome
D. Down syndrome

A

D. Down syndrome

36
Q

The thickness of the nuchal fold in the second trimester should not
exceed:
A. 3 mm
B. 6 mm
C. 10 mm
D. 12 mm

37
Q

A small mandible is termed:
A. Macroglossia
B. Epignathus
C. Micrognathia
D. Ethmocephaly

A

C. Micrognathia

38
Q

The condition in which there is no nose and a proboscis separating two close-set orbits is:
A. Ethmocephaly
B. Epignathus
C. Micrognathia
D. Cebocephaly

A

A. Ethmocephaly

39
Q

All of the following are sonographic features of holoprosencephaly
except:
A. Cystic hygroma
B. Proboscis with cyclopia
C. Fused thalamus
D. Monoventricle

A

A. Cystic hygroma

40
Q

The nuchal fold measurement is typically obtained:
A. Before 12 weeks 6 days
B. Between 11 weeks and 13 weeks 6 days
C. Between 15 weeks and 21 weeks
D. After 24 weeks

A

C. Between 15 weeks and 21 weeks

OBGYN REGISTRY PRACTICE (17 decks)

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