Postmenopausal Sonography & Sonohysterography Flashcards by Sonography Student

What is the most likely pulsed Doppler characteristic of endometrial
cancer?
A. Low-impedance flow
B. High-impedance flow
C. Absent systolic flow
D. Converse diastolic flow

A. Low-impedance flow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The absence of menstrual bleeding is termed:
A. Amenorrhea
B. Dysmenorrhea
C. Oligomenorrhea
D. Polymenorrhea

A. Amenorrhea

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Asherman syndrome is associated with:
A. Uterine leiomyoma
B. Endometrial polyps
C. Endometrial adhesions
D. Ovarian fibroma

C. Endometrial adhesions

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What would increase a patient’s likelihood of suffering from
thromboembolism?
A. Polycystic ovary disease
B. ERT
C. Endometrial carcinoma
D. Endometrial atrophy

B. ERT

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is used as a tumor marker for endometrial carcinoma?
A. CR-124
B. CE-125
C. CA-125
D. CA-45

C. CA-125

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The removal of tissue from the endometrium by scraping is termed:
A. Dilatation
B. Curettage
C. Sonohysterography
D. Hysteroscopy

B. Curettage

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most common form of endometrial carcinoma?
A. Cystadenocarcinoma
B. Krukenberg tumor
C. Adenocarcinoma
D. Squamous cell carcinoma

C. Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Measurement of the endometrium should include:
A. The uterine cavity only
B. The deep myometrial echoes and both basal layers
C. The distance from the basal layer to the functional layer
D. The measurement from the basal layer to the basal layer

D. The measurement from the basal layer to the basal layer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding is:
A. Endometrial carcinoma
B. Endometrial atrophy
C. Endometrial leiomyoma
D. Cervical carcinoma

B. Endometrial atrophy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is not associated with endometrial hyperplasia?
A. Tamoxifen therapy
B. Polycstic ovary syndrome
C. Ovarian thecoma
D. Asherman syndrome

D. Asherman syndrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The best description for endometrial polyps is:
A. Malignant nodules that cause bleeding
B. Benign lesions associated with cervical stenosis
C. Malignant nodules that are associated with endometrial atrophy
D. Benign nodules of hyperplastic endometrial tissue

D. Benign nodules of hyperplastic endometrial tissue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blood accumulation within the uterus is termed:
A. Hematometra
B. Hydrometra
C. Asherman syndrome
D. Endometrial carcinom

A. Hematometra

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following would increase the risk of a patient developing
endometrial cancer?
A. Unopposed ERT
B. Multiparity
C. Osteoporosis
D. Endometrial atrophy

A. Unopposed ERT

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a gynecologic procedure to remove an endometrial polyp?
A. Hysterectomy with myomectomy
B. Histogram with myomectomy
C. Hysteroscopy with polypectomy
D. Hysteroscopy with polyp myomectomy

C. Hysteroscopy with polypectomy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cessation of menstruation with advanced age is termed:
A. Asherman disease
B. Premenopausal syndrome
C. Perimenopausal syndrome
D. Menopause

D. Menopause

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stein–Leventhal syndrome is related to all of the following except:
A. Infertility
B. Anovulatory cycles
C. Hirsutism
D. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

D. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What hormone plays a major role in the symptoms associated with
menopause?
A. hCG
B. LH
C. Estrogen
D. CA-120

C. Estrogen

The breast cancer treatment drug that may alter the sonographic
appearance of the endometrium is:
A. Progestogen
B. Estrogenate
C. Tamoxifen
D. CA-125

C. Tamoxifen

Possible benefits of ERT include all of the following except:
A. Reduction in osteoporosis risk
B. Reduction in colon cancer risk
C. Reduction in heart disease risk
D. Reduction in endometrial cancer risk

D. Reduction in endometrial cancer risk

Which of the following does not occur as a result of menopause?
A. Uterine atrophy
B. Decreased sexual libido
C. Accumulation of fat in the breasts
D. Cystic enlargement of the ovaries

D. Cystic enlargement of the ovaries

Unopposed estrogen therapy has been shown to increase the risk for
developing:
A. Alzheimer disease
B. Colon cancer
C. Coronary heart disease
D. Endometrial carcinoma

D. Endometrial carcinoma

The sonographic appearance of a 59-year-old woman on HRT is:
A. Hypoechoic and thickened
B. Hyperechoic and thickened
C. Cystic areas within a thickened endometrium
D. Variable depending upon the menstrual cycle

D. Variable depending upon the menstrual cycle

Tamoxifen has been linked with all of the following except:
A. Endometrial polyps
B. Endometrial hyperplasia
C. Endometrial leiomyoma
D. Endometrial carcinoma

C. Endometrial leiomyoma

Which of the following ovarian tumors would be most likely to cause
postmenopausal bleeding?
A. Cystic teratoma
B. Endometrioma
C. Thecoma
D. Fibroma

C. Thecoma

Tamoxifen effects on the endometrium will sonographically appear as: A. Cystic changes within a thickened endometrium B. Cystic areas within a thin endometrium C. Thin endometrium D. No apparent effect on endometrial thickness or appearance

A. Cystic changes within a thickened endometrium

Which of the following would most likely lead to the development of endometrial adhesions? A. Endometrial carcinoma B. D&C C. Pregnancy D. Adenomyomatosis

B. D&C

Causes of postmenopausal bleeding include all of the following except: A. Asherman syndrome B. Endometrial atrophy C. Endometrial hyperplasia D. Intracavitary fibroids

A. Asherman syndrome

An asymptomatic 65-year-old patient presents to the sonography department with pelvic pain but no vaginal bleeding. Her endometrial thickness should not exceed: A. 6 mm B. 8 mm C. 5 mm D. 3 mm

B. 8 mm

An 84-year-old patient presents to the sonography department with sudden onset of vaginal bleeding. Her endometrium should not exceed: A. 6 mm B. 8 mm C. 5 mm D. 3 mm

C. 5 mm

With endometrial atrophy, the endometrial thickness should not exceed: A. 6 mm B. 3 mm C. 8 mm D. 5 mm

D. 5 mm

A 68-year-old patient presents to the sonography department complaining of vaginal bleeding. The most likely cause of her bleeding is: A. Endometrial carcinoma B. Endometrial polyps C. Endometrial atrophy D. Endometrial fibroids

C. Endometrial atrophy

A 60-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with sudden onset of vaginal bleeding. The sonographic examination reveals an endometrium that measures 4 mm. There are no other significant sonographic findings. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Endometrial atrophy B. Endometrial carcinoma C. Endometrial polyp D. Cervical stenosis

C. Endometrial polyp

A 67-year-old patient on HRT presents to the sonography department with abnormal uterine bleeding. Sonographically, the endometrium is diffusely thickened, contains small cystic areas, and measures 9 mm in thickness. The most likely cause of her bleeding is: A. Endometrial atrophy B. Asherman syndrome C. Endometrial thecoma D. Endometrial hyperplasia

D. Endometrial hyperplasia

Endometrial hyperplasia may be caused by all of the following except: A. HRT B. ERT C. Endometrial atrophy D. Tamoxifen

C. Endometrial atrophy

All of the following are clinical findings with endometrial hyperplasia except: A. Obesity B. Polycystic ovary syndrome C. Abnormal uterine bleeding D. Thickened endometrium

D. Thickened endometrium

The sonographic findings of an endometrial polyp may include: A. Diffuse thickening of the endometrium B. Menometrorrhagia C. Intermenstrual bleeding D. Infertility

A. Diffuse thickening of the endometrium

Endometrial polyps are associated with all of the following except: A. Intermenstrual bleeding B. Tamoxifen therapy C. Prolapse through the cervix D. Coronary heart disease

D. Coronary heart disease

A 34-year-old patient presents to the sonography department for an endovaginal sonogram complaining of intermenstrual bleeding. The sonographic findings include a focal irregularity and enlargement of one area of the endometrium. The most likely diagnosis is: A. Endometrial polyps B. Endometrial carcinoma C. Endometrial atrophy D. Intramural leiomyoma

A. Endometrial polyps

The most common female genital tract malignancy is: A. Ovarian carcinoma B. Cervical carcinoma C. Endometrial carcinoma D. Pelvic inflammatory disease

C. Endometrial carcinoma

A 31-year-old patient presents to the sonography department for a saline infusion sonohysterogram complaining of intermenstrual bleeding and infertility. Sonographically, a mass is demonstrated emanating from the myometrium and distorting the endometrial cavity. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Endometrial polyp B. Endometrial carcinoma C. Endometrial hyperplasia D. Submucosal leiomyoma

D. Submucosal leiomyoma