the family Flashcards
Household
- person/people who live together in one dwelling
- increasing as the rise of individualism
Kinship
- blood or marital ties between people
- extended ties are now less tight knit than the 1960’s
Cohabitation
- couples who live together who aren’t married
- used to be living in sin but is now the normal
Remarriage
- marrying after couples divorce
- steady increase in second marriages
Reconstituted / Blended
- involves step parents and children
- increasing amount
Extended
- includes grandparents and other relatives
- horizontal is aunts, uncles and cousins
- vertical is parents, grandparents
Single Parent
- child raised by one parent in the household
- rise since 1960’s
Single-Occupancy
- people who live alone
- creative single hood is choosing to be single
Same Sex
- gay couples raising children
- the amount is rising due to legalisation of gay marriage, assisted fertility and social attitudes changing
2004
Civil Partnership Act
2013
Same-Sex couples Act
Polygamous
- one parent has multiple wives
- legal in India, Egypt, Uganda
Matrifocal
- structure involves women
- Black Caribbean British families are most likely
Patrifocal
- focused on the father
- less common as 90% of single parents are mums
Dispersed Extended
- nuclear family with a lot of contact with extended family members
- contact by telephone or letters
Beanpole
- tall and thin structure because less kids are being born
- Brannen coined the term
Nuclear
two heterosexual parents who are married with kids and live together
primary socialisation
social process that occurs between ages 0-4 in the family home where children learn the norms and values of society
norms
informal understandings that govern the behaviour of members of a society e.g. have a smartphone
how are norms learnt?
- observing parents (unconscious socialisation)
- imitating parents
- being deliberately taught (deliberate socialisation)
how do norms differ according to ethnicity?
- languages spoken
- religious practises and rituals
- different cultures eating differently
values
principles/standards of behaviour, a judgement of what is important in life (underpin the norms)
secondary socialisation
happens once children start to experience wider society, typically when they begin school, this varies in countries as education is culturally relative
functionalism
structural theory which views society as a whole with each part working together to form a functional system
the value consensus
all members of society and institutions work together and share agreements about how society should operate
personality factory
Parsons argued the nuclear family gives adults responsibility and matures them and gives kids stability and security
distinct gender roles
- necessary and positive
- instrumental role for father
- expressive role for wofe
human body
functionalists liken society to the human body and call it the organic analogy
triple shift
women are expected to be workers, mothers and housewives (90% of women work)
Murdock’s 4 functions of the family
- sexual
- reproductive
- educational
- economic
strengths of the functionalist approach
- value the importance of family
- children are taught norms and values
- consider society as a whole
weaknesses of the functionalist approach
- ignore diversity
- ignore the dark side of the family
- doesn’t reflect modern society
sandwich generation
middle aged people with caring responsibilities both ways
pressures/issues for mothers today
- balancing a career and family
- prioritising education and a career
- cost of childcare
- intensive mothering
serial fathers
leave one family to create another
pester power
products are marketed at children as they are mini consumers
functionalists on child centred society
- positive about canalisation as children learn gender roles
- industries create jobs and income so aids organic analogy
feminists on child centre society
- critical of highly gendered, limiting toys
- girls are taught to value their appearance and often sexualised
marxists on child centre society
- toy industry fuels capitalism
- commodity fetishism and pester power are a toxic mix
issues of childhood in current society
- obesity is on the rise
- the digital world is harmful due to violence and inappropriate content
- eating disorders are at an all time high
grandparents role
- role of historians
- mentor
- useful for single parents
- practical and financial help
3 types of divorce
- divorce
- seperation
- empty shell
marxism
- structural and conflict theory
- capitalism is based on hierarchy and the bourgeoise
honour killings
Izzat is the main value for many minority families and is very strict on women if they marry outside the religion or without permision
the new right
- believe in a meritocracy
- father figure is needed for a good role model
- nuclear family is essential
