The eye

Question 1

That is the estimated proportion of the brain dedicated to visual processing?

Answer 1

~40%

Question 2

What are the boundaries and contents of the anterior chamber of the eyes?

Answer 2

Boundaries:

• Anterior: Inner surface of cornea
• Posterior: Iris

Content: Aqueous humour

Question 3

What are the boundaries and contents of the posterior chamber of the eyes?

Answer 3

Boundaries:

• Anterior: Iris
• Posterior: Retina

Contents: Vitreous humour

Question 4

What are the layers of the eyeball?

Answer 4

1. Fibrous coat (transparent collagen):
   - Cornea (anterior)
   - Sclera (posterior)
2. Vascular coat:
   - Iris
   - Coroid
   - Ciliary body
3. Neural coat (retina):
   - Macula (containing fovea)
   - Optic disc

Question 5

At what location does the optic nerve enter the eyeballs?

Answer 5

~3mm to nasal side of posterior pole

Question 6

What are the functions of superior rectus?

Answer 6

• Adduction
• Elevation
• In-torsion

Question 7

What are the functions of inferior rectus?

Answer 7

• Adduction
• Depression
• Ex-torsion

Question 8

What are the functions of superior oblique?

Answer 8

• Depression
• Abduction
• In-torsion

Question 9

What are the functions of inferior oblique?

Answer 9

• Elevation
• Abduction
• Ex-torsion

Question 10

What is the pathway for the pupillary reflex?

Answer 10

Optic nerve → Pretectum → Edinger-Westphal nucleus → Oculomotor nerve [III] → Ciliary ganglion → Constrictor pupillae