The Excretory System

Question 1

What is the purpose of the excretory system?

Answer 1

To remove excess and unwanted substances from the body.

Question 2

What is the urinary tract responsible for?

Answer 2

Filtering waste materials out of the blood and excreting these materials through urine

Question 3

Organs in the urinary tract (4)

Answer 3

kidneys
ureters
bladder
urethra.

Question 4

Role of the kidneys (3)

Answer 4

• Filter blood
• Reabsorb the useful substances within the filtrate
• Secrete unwanted materials

Question 5

How is blood delivered to the kidneys?

Answer 5

Renal arteries

Question 6

How much of a person’s blood volume can a kidney hold at a time? (%)

Answer 6

25%

Question 7

What can the renal artery be broken down into?

Answer 7

Nephrons

Question 8

How many nephrons does a kidney contain?

Answer 8

Millions

Question 9

What are the capillaries that deliver blood to the nephron called?

Answer 9

Afferent capillaries

Question 10

What are the capillaries that take away blood from the nephrons called?

Answer 10

Efferent capillaries

Question 11

Two distinct regions of the kidney

Answer 11

• Cortex (on the outside)
• Medulla (on the inside)

Question 12

Bowman Capsule’s function

Answer 12

Filtration

Question 13

Proximal
convoluted tubule function

Answer 13

Reabsorption and secretion

Question 14

Loop of Henle function

Answer 14

• Reabsorption of water
• Secretion of amino acids

Question 15

Distal convoluted
tubule function

Answer 15

Optional reabsorption: Ions, water
Secretion: Urines, Ions, Ammonia, Toxins