6C Edrolo Chapter Flashcards

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1
Q

Where do we get glucose from?

A

Carbohydrates

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2
Q

Steps of glucose from food

A
  1. The digestive system breaks down the glucose from food into a variety of enzymes
  2. Glucose is absorbed by the small intestine
  3. Glucose is released into the bloodstream
  4. Glucose travels around the body to different cells
  5. Once in cells, respiration takes place
  6. ATP is produced
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3
Q

What is the name of the process that produces glycogon

A

Glycogenesis

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4
Q

What is the name of the process that converts glucagon into glucose

A

Glycogenolysis

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5
Q

What does glucose travel in across the body?

A

Blood plasma

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6
Q

What happens when a person has too much Glucose (name)

A

hyperglycaemic

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7
Q

What happens when a person has too little Glucose (name)

A

hypoglycaemic

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8
Q

How does our body maintain the right level of glucose?

A

Homeostasis

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9
Q

Stimulus in homeostasis of glucose

A

Blood glucose levels

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10
Q

Receptor in homeostasis of glucose

A

The pancreas (Islets of
Langerhans)

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11
Q

Modulator in homeostasis of glucose

A

The pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)

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12
Q

Effector of homeostasis of glucose

A

Variety of cells and tissues

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13
Q

Response of homeostasis of glucose

A

increase or
decrease in
blood sugar
levels

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14
Q

When an islet of Langerhans detects a blood glucose level above around 5 mmol/L, what happens?

A

Beta cells release insulin

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15
Q

Two different pathways of insulin (glucose homeostasis)

A
  • Skeletal muscle and fat cells absorb more glucose from the blood
  • Liver cells are stimulated to convert more glucose into glycogen
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16
Q

Two different effectors used to decrease glucose levels

A
  • Liver cells
  • Skeletal, muscle, and fat cells
17
Q

Response of liver cells effector (homeostasis of glucose)

A

increased
conversion
of glucose to
glycogen

18
Q

Response of “Skeletal, muscle, and fat cells” effector (homeostasis of glucose)

A

insertion of glucose
transporters into
cell membrane

19
Q

List what homeostasis does when blood sugar is too low

A

Stimulus: Blood glucose levels
Receptor: Islets of
Langerhans
Moderator: islets of Langerhans
Effector: Liver cells
Response: Breakdown of glycogen into glucose, released into the blood stream