The Electron Transport Chain

Question 1

TCA enzymes are located in

Answer 1

matrix

Question 2

ATP synthase is located in the

Answer 2

inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 3

beta oxidation occurs in the

Answer 3

matrix of the mitochondria

Question 4

the hydrogen acceptor part of NAD+ is made from

Answer 4

niacin or vitamin B3

Question 5

where is the ETC located

Answer 5

inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 6

in order what are the four complexes of the ETC

Answer 6

NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome b-c ( complex III), cytochrome oxidase (complex IV), and then finally ATP synthase–> complex 1,3,4, atp synthase)

Question 7

succinate dehydrogenase is located in

Answer 7

complex II

Question 8

what drives protons back into the mitochondrial matrix ?

Answer 8

proton motive force

Question 9

how many hydrogen are transferred out for each ATP synthesized

Answer 9

4

Question 10

what was the chemiosmotic model by peter mitchell ?

Answer 10

energy is released as electrons are passed down the transport chain and this energy is used to pump promotons out of the matrix forming an electorchemical gradient along the membrane; electrons move down the gradient, reentering the matrix through a pore in the enzyme ATP synthase, this causes a conformational change in ATP synthase, resulting in the catalysis of ATP production

Question 11

what are the inhibitors of complex I

Answer 11

amytal

demerol and rotenone

Question 12

what are the inhibitors of coenzyme Q

Answer 12

doxorubicin (cancer drug)

Question 13

what are the inhibitors of complex III

Answer 13

antimycin

Question 14

complex IV

Answer 14

azide, carbon monoxide and cyanide

Question 15

vitamin b3, niacin deficiency inhibits

Answer 15

complex I

Question 16

vitamin b2, riboflavin inhibits

Answer 16

complex II

Question 17

Fe; heme synthesis inhibits

Answer 17

complex III, cytochrome c and complex IV

Question 18

energy as oxidation is dissipated as

Answer 18

heat

Question 19

the inner mitochondrial membrane of BAT contains ______________

Answer 19

thermogenin

Question 20

__________-is a protein that transports protons across the membrane and uncouples oxidation phosphorylation producing heat instead of ATP

Answer 20

thermogenin

Question 21

high concentration of salicylate does what

Answer 21

partially uncouples mitochondria causes decrease ATP and increase in AMP causing metabolic acidosis

Question 22

what happens when there is decreased O2

Answer 22

ischemia can result in inadequate oxygn supply with the MPTP opens, protons and other ions flood in and the mitochodrion swells and release of cytochryome c further activates apoptosis

Question 23

LHON (

Answer 23

sudden blindness in youn gmales, less common symptoms such as mild dementia, peripheral neuropathy and inherited maternally, caused by mutations in complexes 1,2,4 and 90%caused by mutations in NADH dehydrogenase

Question 24

MERFF

Answer 24

myoclonus, ataxia, muscle weakness, deafness, and progressive dementia, caused by mutations in mitochondrial RNA’s

Question 25

MELAS

Answer 25

progressive neurodegenerative diseases, onset 5–15 years, caused by mutations in tRNA