Cell Signaling

Question 1

the epinephrine beta receptor causes

Answer 1

blood vessel dilation in the skeletal muscle

Question 2

examples of intracellular receptors

Answer 2

thyroid hormone, coritsol, aldoslterone, vitamin D3, and retinoic acid

Question 3

RAF, MEK, ERK is example of what pathway

Answer 3

RAS pathway

Question 4

the acetylcholine receptor is an example of a

Answer 4

ligand gated ion channel

Question 5

insulin release is what type of receptor

Answer 5

ligand gated ion channel (calcium gated ion channel)

Question 6

when GDP is bound is the G protein active or inactive

Answer 6

inactive

Question 7

is GDP bound to alpha or beta or gamma suunit

Answer 7

alpha

Question 8

________stimulates adenylyl cyclase

Answer 8

G alpha S

Question 9

_______________inhibits adenly clyase

Answer 9

Galpha I

Question 10

G alpha q

Answer 10

activates phospholipase Cbeta

Question 11

examples of G alpha S

Answer 11

glucagon, epinpenephrine

Question 12

examples of G alpha I

Answer 12

epinephrine, many neurotransmitters, including acetyl choline, dopamine, and serotonin

Question 13

examples of G alpha q

Answer 13

ephinephrine, acetyl choline, histamin and TSH

Question 14

explain the process of signaling through cAMP and glycogen breakdown

Answer 14

adrenaline binds, activates GPCR, GS activates adenyl cyclase which makes cyclic AMP which then acts to activate PKA which turns on phosphorylase kinase which activates glycogen phosphorylase

Question 15

acetylcholine-adenosine in cardiac muscle is an example of

Answer 15

G inhibitory

Question 16

epinpherine signaling through cAMP gene transcritpion

Answer 16

activated GPCR activates adehyly cyclase which activates cAMP making active PKA, enters the nucleus through a pore and acts as a phosphorylated transcription regulator

Question 17

PIP may be generated by

Answer 17

RTK or GPCR signaling

Question 18

PIP2 creates

Answer 18

DAG and IP3

Question 19

funcion of IP3

Answer 19

second messengers

Question 20

PIP3 function

Answer 20

docking site for plechstrin homology domains

Question 21

PLP and IP3 and DAG signaling causes

Answer 21

opening of calcium channels in endoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

RAS and MAPK pathway is an example of

Answer 22

RTK signaling

Question 23

pathway of RTK signaling

Answer 23

growth factor binds, RAS binds RAF and initiates map kinase pathway

Question 24

RTK singaling functions in

Answer 24

regulation of cell growth

Question 25

insulin receptor and PI13L is an example of

Answer 25

RTK signaling

Question 26

JAK-STAT signaling is important in

Answer 26

regulation of immune system, cell growth, differentiation and death

Question 27

STATs are

Answer 27

transcritpion factors and go to the nucleus

Question 28

Ser/THr kinases receptors are important in

Answer 28

tissue differentiation and organ development

Question 29

RSMAD binds COSMAD and migrates to the nucleus is an example of

Answer 29

ser.thr kinase receptors

Question 30

three ways signals can be terminated

Answer 30

receptor inactivation, receptor internalization, and receptor degradation

Question 31

cholera and Her2 is an example of when there is

Answer 31

excessive response in cell signalng

Question 32

type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes is an example of

Answer 32

failure to respond