Enzymes

Question 1

deficiency in A resultins in

Answer 1

night blindness

Question 2

deficiency in D results in

Answer 2

rickets and osteomalacia

Question 3

deficiency in E resupts in

Answer 3

lipid peroxidation

Question 4

deficiency in K results in

Answer 4

bleeding

Question 5

deficiency in C results in

Answer 5

scurvy (collagen formation problems)

Question 6

beri beri is

Answer 6

deficiency in thamine (oxidative decarboxylation prlbmes)

Question 7

chhymotrupsin

Answer 7

cleaves peptide bonds next to bulky nonpolar side chains

Question 8

trypsin cleaves

Answer 8

peptide bonds next to basic side chains

Question 9

elastase cleaves

Answer 9

peptide bonds next to non-polar side chains

Question 10

copper is a cofactor for

Answer 10

cytochrome oxidase

Question 11

potassium is a cofactor for

Answer 11

pyruvate kinase

Question 12

magnesium is a cofactor for

Answer 12

creatine kinase and hexokinase

Question 13

manganese is cofator for

Answer 13

arginase

Question 14

selium is a cofactor for

Answer 14

glutathioine peroxidase

Question 15

zin is a cofactor for

Answer 15

carbonic anhydrase and carboxy peptidase

Question 16

covalent inhibitors

Answer 16

modify specific amino acid side chains at the active site in a progressive chemical reaction

Question 17

mechanism based inhibitors

Answer 17

substrate or transition state analogs that are initially processed by normal catalytic mechanism converted to an intermediate resembling the transition state, that binds covalently to the enzyme (known as a suicide inhibitor)

Question 18

sarin, malathoin and aspirin are

Answer 18

covalent inhibitors

Question 19

allopuriol and penicllin are

Answer 19

suicide inhibitors

Question 20

___________inhibit acetylcholinesterase by covalently modifying a serine chain at the active site of acetylcholinesterase

Answer 20

organophosphorous compounds (sarin and malathion)

Question 21

_______modifies cycloooxygenase

Answer 21

aspirin

Question 22

_________-bind non specifically and irreversible to many groups of enzymes

Answer 22

heavy metals

Question 23

lead poisoning inhibits

Answer 23

ALA dehydratase and ferrochelatase

Question 24

lead poisioning is an example of a

Answer 24

irreversible inhibitor

Question 25

_________is a mechanism based inhibitor that inhibits xanthine oxidase which reduces uric acid production

Answer 25

allopurinol

Question 26

__________inhibits a transpeptidase that is essential for synthesis of a bacterial cell wall; contains a strained peptide bond that resembles the transition state

Answer 26

penicillin

Question 27

effect of a competitive inhibitor

Answer 27

vmax is unchanged and Km is increased

Question 28

effect of a noncompetitive inhibitor

Answer 28

vmax is decreased and km is unchanged

Question 29

______is essential for nucleotide synthesis

Answer 29

PABA

Question 30

_________mimic PABA

Answer 30

sulfonamides

Question 31

__________inhibit dihydropteroate synthease in bacteira

Answer 31

sulfonamides

Question 32

sulfoaniides are

Answer 32

reversible and competitive inhibitors

Question 33

________-is essential for nucleotide synthesis

Answer 33

folic acid

Question 34

inhibitors of ______are used in cancer chemotherapy

Answer 34

folate antagonist

Question 35

____________mimics folic acid

Answer 35

methotrexate

Question 36

mechanism of methotrexate

Answer 36

competitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

Question 37

warfarin mechanism

Answer 37

inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase

Question 38

____________are competitive inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase-rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis

Answer 38

statins

Question 39

________is a competitive inhibitor of NO and cGMP

Answer 39

viagra

Question 40

_________inhibit angiotensin I converting enzyme which are used to lower blood pressure, compeitive inhibitor

Answer 40

captopril and enalopril

Question 41

________________and ________-are competitive inhibitors that compete with arachidonic acid for binding to cyclooxygenase

Answer 41

ibuprofuen and acetaminophen

Question 42

the ________state is associated to be high affinity for substrate

Answer 42

R state

Question 43

the ______state is associated to be a low afffinity for substrate

Answer 43

T state

Question 44

______-is the protein most frequently in diagnosis of myocardial infraction

Answer 44

tropnin I

Question 45

what is the first enzyme elevated in a myocardial infarction

Answer 45

myoglobin

Question 46

what is the last enzyme to be elevated in a myocardial infraction

Answer 46

LDH

Question 47

CKMB

Answer 47

height increases slightly after total CK

Question 48

alanine aminotransferase used for diagnosis in

Answer 48

viral hepatitis

Question 49

aspartate aminotransferase used in

Answer 49

aloholic hepatitis

Question 50

alkaline phosphatase used for

Answer 50

bone disease

Question 51

amylase used for

Answer 51

acute pancreatitis and mumps

Question 52

creatine kinase used for

Answer 52

myocardial infraction and duchenne muscular dystrophy

Question 53

gamma glytayl transferase used for l

Answer 53

liver dieases and is increased in alcoholics

Question 54

lactate dehydrogenase (LDH used for

Answer 54

myocradial infarctoin)

Question 55

lipase is elelvated in

Answer 55

acute pancreatitis and is more specific than amylase