The Digestive System Flashcards
What is a system
A system is a group of organs working together
Digest meaning
Digest: To break down large food particles to smaller particles.
Why do we need a digestive system?
Cells need food to carry out their functions.
The food required in cells is delivered by the circulatory system.
The food eaten is usually in large particles that need to be broken down.
Why do we need food?
For energy, growth, and repair
What are the five steps to provide nutrition for the body?
ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, egestion
What organs are involved in the digestive system?
The mouth (teeth), oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine/colon, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas.
what is amylase
amylase is an enzyme that breaks starch down to a sugar, maltose
What are enzymes
an enzyme is a chemical, found in living organisms, that speeds up chemical reactions.
What is Peristalsis?
It is a muscular movement that only occurs in the muscles of the digestive system. It is used to push the food along the system.
Name the teeth and their functions
Incisors: cut and slice food
Canines: Grip and tear food
Premolars: Chew and grind food
Molars: Chew and grind food
What carries out chemical breakdown in the digestive system?
Enzymes carry out the chemical breakdown of food in the digestive system.
What is a biochemical reaction
any chemical reaction that takes place in a living organism is known as a biochemical reaction.
Name a chemical formula for maltose and glucose
Amylase breaks down large starch molecules into smaller particles of a sugar called maltose.
Maltase breaks down the maltose into glucose.
Name two enzymes
Amylase, and maltose
What produces the enzyme amylase
The salivary glands
What produces bile and is passed in the _____ to the ______ to be stored.
The liver produces bile and is passed in the bile duct to the gall bladder to be stored.
The ______ sends the bile, through the _______, to the ______, when it is needed to digest fat.
The gall bladder sends the bile, through the bile duct, to the small intestine, when it is needed to digest fat.
What is the mouths (with teeth) function in the digestive system
Take in food
Crush food with the teeth
Amylase is added to the food
What is the esophagus’s function in the digestive system
Carry food down to the stomach
What is the Stomach’s function in the digestive system
Churn the food
Add acid to the food
What is the Small intestine’s function in the digestive system
Further digestion by enzymes
Absorption of digested food into the blood
What is the large intestine’s function in the digestive system
Water is absorbed into the food into the blood
The waste left is prepared for egestion
What is the salivary gland’s function in the digestive system?
Make saliva, which contains an enzyme, amylase, to break down starch down to smaller sugars.
What is the liver’s function in the digestive system
Produces liquid bile, which helps digest fat
Regulates the amount of each food in the blood
What is the Gall bladder’s function in the digestive system
Stores bile from the liver until it is needed
What is the pancreas’ function in the digestive system
Makes enzymes to break down food
