Forces Flashcards
What is force
Force is just another word for pushing and pulling
What can force cause
It can cause stretching, compression, twisting or change the shape of a body. It can cause an object to change its velocity.
What is force measured in
It is measured in newton’s named after the famous physicist isaac newton
What does deceleration mean
It means to slow down It can also be described as negative acceleration.
What instrument measures force
A newton meter or also known as a force meter/force sensor.
What does 1 newton weigh
About the weight of an apple
Definition of friction
Friction is a force that opposes motion
What can friction be reduced by and explain each option.
Lubrication, ball bearings, and streamlining.
Lubrication:
Oil is placed between the two surfaces and fills the humps between the two surfaces, stopping them from catching each other.
Ball Bearings:
Small steel balls are placed between two objects. They roll over each surface instead of sliding, reducing the friction. Example- a wheel and an axle.
Streamlining:
Air can oppose the motion of moving objects which is called air resistance. This happens because the moving object has to move the air in front of it out of its way. This can be reduced by streamlining. The shape of the object is designed to cut through the air efficiently. e.g planes, cars, rockets.
Disadvantages of friction
It slows things down, it wastes energy, it causes wear
Advantages of friction
Allows breaks to be used
Allows you to move
Slows down rain and hailstones
Definition of weight
The weight of an object is a measure of the force of gravity on it
How do you calculate the weight of an object on the surface of the earth
Mass in kilograms × 10
What is mass
The amount of matter in a substance
Forces cause mass to do what
To accelerate
How to calculate the amount of force required
Force = mass × acceleration or F = m × a
What is a misconception about force?
That a force is needed to keep an object moving.
A force is needed only to change the velocity.
Definition of force
A force is anything that causes an object to accelerate (change velocity).
What do balanced forces cause?
Balanced forces cause an object to move at a constant velocity.
What do unbalanced forces cause?
Unbalanced forces cause an object to accelerate (change velocity).
List some properties of friction.
The rougher the two surfaces are, the greater the friction.
The humps and hollows in each surface get caught as they move over each other, slowing down the motion.
All surfaces look rough when magnified, so there is always some friction.
What do objects with mass do?
Objects with mass attract other objects with mass.
How do you calculate the weight of an object?
Weight of an object = mass of object in kilograms x g value at that location.
Is the earth a perfect sphere?
The earth isn’t a perfect sphere but has a greater radius at the equator than the poles. Because of this, the force of gravity a body feels at the equator is less than the poles.
List the differences between mass and weight.
Mass:
The amount of matter in a substance.
Remains constant everywhere in the universe. Can never be zero for an object.
Unit = Kilogram
Weight:
The measure of the force of gravity on a body.
Depends on the amount of gravity in that location. Can be zero if no gravity is present.
Unit = Newton
Formula for force
Force = mass x acceleration or F = m x a
What did Galileo prove?
Galileo showed that all objects accelerate at the same rate when he dropped two different weights from the leaning tower of Pisa.
Explain the introduction and observations in the experiment ‘To investigate the relationship between the extension of a spiral spring and the force applied to it’.
To investigate the relationship between the extension of a spiral spring and the force applied to it
Introduction:
In this experiment, you will measure the length of a spiral string as different quantities of weight are placed on it. From the increase in length, you should be able to calculate the extension of the spring.
Observation:
As more weights are applied to the spring, the spring gets longer.
Definition of Hooke’s Law
Hooke’s Law: The extension of a spiral spring is proportional to the applied force.
Who stated the Hooke’s Law
The British scientist Robert Hooke was the first to state the law which was discovered using this experiment
