Forces

Question 1

What is force

Answer 1

Force is just another word for pushing and pulling

Question 2

What can force cause

Answer 2

It can cause stretching, compression, twisting or change the shape of a body. It can cause an object to change its velocity.

Question 3

What is force measured in

Answer 3

It is measured in newton’s named after the famous physicist isaac newton

Question 4

What does deceleration mean

Answer 4

It means to slow down It can also be described as negative acceleration.

Question 5

What instrument measures force

Answer 5

A newton meter or also known as a force meter/force sensor.

Question 6

What does 1 newton weigh

Answer 6

About the weight of an apple

Question 7

Definition of friction

Answer 7

Friction is a force that opposes motion

Question 8

What can friction be reduced by and explain each option.

Answer 8

Lubrication, ball bearings, and streamlining.
Lubrication:
Oil is placed between the two surfaces and fills the humps between the two surfaces, stopping them from catching each other.
Ball Bearings:
Small steel balls are placed between two objects. They roll over each surface instead of sliding, reducing the friction. Example- a wheel and an axle.
Streamlining:
Air can oppose the motion of moving objects which is called air resistance. This happens because the moving object has to move the air in front of it out of its way. This can be reduced by streamlining. The shape of the object is designed to cut through the air efficiently. e.g planes, cars, rockets.

Question 9

Disadvantages of friction

Answer 9

It slows things down, it wastes energy, it causes wear

Question 10

Advantages of friction

Answer 10

Allows breaks to be used
Allows you to move
Slows down rain and hailstones

Question 11

Definition of weight

Answer 11

The weight of an object is a measure of the force of gravity on it

Question 12

How do you calculate the weight of an object on the surface of the earth

Answer 12

Mass in kilograms × 10

Question 13

What is mass

Answer 13

The amount of matter in a substance

Question 14

Forces cause mass to do what

Answer 14

To accelerate

Question 15

How to calculate the amount of force required

Answer 15

Force = mass × acceleration or 
F = m × a

Question 16

What is a misconception about force?

Answer 16

That a force is needed to keep an object moving.

A force is needed only to change the velocity.

Question 17

Definition of force

Answer 17

A force is anything that causes an object to accelerate (change velocity).

Question 18

What do balanced forces cause?

Answer 18

Balanced forces cause an object to move at a constant velocity.

Question 19

What do unbalanced forces cause?

Answer 19

Unbalanced forces cause an object to accelerate (change velocity).

Question 20

List some properties of friction.

Answer 20

The rougher the two surfaces are, the greater the friction.
The humps and hollows in each surface get caught as they move over each other, slowing down the motion.
All surfaces look rough when magnified, so there is always some friction.

Question 21

What do objects with mass do?

Answer 21

Objects with mass attract other objects with mass.

Question 22

How do you calculate the weight of an object?

Answer 22

Weight of an object = mass of object in kilograms x g value at that location.

Question 23

Is the earth a perfect sphere?

Answer 23

The earth isn’t a perfect sphere but has a greater radius at the equator than the poles. Because of this, the force of gravity a body feels at the equator is less than the poles.

Question 24

List the differences between mass and weight.

Answer 24

Mass:
The amount of matter in a substance.
Remains constant everywhere in the universe. Can never be zero for an object.
Unit = Kilogram

Weight:
The measure of the force of gravity on a body.
Depends on the amount of gravity in that location. Can be zero if no gravity is present.
Unit = Newton

Question 25

Formula for force

Answer 25

Force = mass x acceleration or F = m x a

Question 26

What did Galileo prove?

Answer 26

Galileo showed that all objects accelerate at the same rate when he dropped two different weights from the leaning tower of Pisa.

Question 27

Explain the introduction and observations in the experiment ‘To investigate the relationship between the extension of a spiral spring and the force applied to it’.

Answer 27

To investigate the relationship between the extension of a spiral spring and the force applied to it
Introduction:
In this experiment, you will measure the length of a spiral string as different quantities of weight are placed on it. From the increase in length, you should be able to calculate the extension of the spring.
Observation:
As more weights are applied to the spring, the spring gets longer.

Question 28

Definition of Hooke’s Law

Answer 28

Hooke’s Law: The extension of a spiral spring is proportional to the applied force.

Question 29

Who stated the Hooke’s Law

Answer 29

The British scientist Robert Hooke was the first to state the law which was discovered using this experiment