The Cell Flashcards
What is a cell?
A cell is the smallest working unit of a living organism
An example of a one-cell organism and millions of cells organism
Bacteria is a one-cell organism while humans are made up of millions of cells.
Examples of different types of cells
Red blood cell, White blood cell, Muscle cells, Nerve cell, sperm cell
What are the individual parts of a cell called
The individual parts of a cell are known as cell organelles
What does an animal cell consist of?
The cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondrion, ribosome
What is a cell membrane and what does it do?
It is made up of mostly fat and allows substances in and out of the cell. It also protects the cell
What is cytoplasm and what does it do?
It is made up of mostly water with salts, glucose, and other food materials in it. It is a watery fluid that organelles float in.
What is a nucleus and what does it do?
The nucleus carries chromosomes, which are made up of genes that control the working of the cell. Genes are made of DNA. It contains genes that control the cell.
What is the mitochondrion and what does it do?
It is known as the powerhouse of the cell and is where food reacts with oxygen to release energy. This process is called respiration. it is where energy is released in respiration.
What are the ribosomes and what do they do?
It is where the cell produces protein, for example, the hormone insulin, the enzyme amylase, and collagen for the skin.
What does a plant cell consist of?
The nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, chloroplast, ribosome, cell membrane, cell wall, vacuole.
What is the cell wall and what does it do?
It is made up of cellulose which is a very strong substance that gives great support and protection to the plant cells. The fibre in food is cellulose.
What is a vacuole and what does it do?
It is a space within the cytoplasm where the cell can store substances - mainly the food that it produces
What are chloroplasts and what do they do?
They are the organelles in plants that contain the green chemical called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll traps light energy to be used in photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis
It is the process where light energy and water is used to turn carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugar/glucose (food) for the plant
