THE CORTEX - MODULE

Question 1

Major sulci are given ____

Answer 1

names i.e. Central Sulcus q

Question 2

Large sulci are called ____

Answer 2

fissures i.e. lateral fissure

Question 3

Gyri are named based on…

Answer 3

their function and/or their location

Question 4

The lobes of the brain are named after…

Answer 4

the bones of the skull

Question 5

The ___ lobe is not a discrete lobe

Answer 5

limbic

It spans portions of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes

Question 6

What are primary cortical areas

Answer 6

areas that receive information from peripheral receptors, with little interpretation of the meaning of information

Question 7

Primary cortical areas are concerned with….

Answer 7

receiving sensory information and executing motor tasks

Question 8

What are association areas

Answer 8

Areas that receive input from the primary area and are involved in higher order processing, integrating, and interpreting information

Question 9

Where are association areas located

Answer 9

adjacent to primary areas

Question 10

Association areas can be classified as either…

Answer 10

unimodal or heteromodal

Question 11

Outflow from the primary motor areas makes up the _____

Answer 11

corticospinal tract

Question 12

Where does the supplementary motor area lie

Answer 12

anterior to the primary motor cortex and superior to the premotor area

Question 13

What is found in the supplementary motor area

Answer 13

Motor maps for postures

Question 14

What is the role of the premotor association area

Answer 14

involved in higher order processing and integration of motor information

Question 15

Where is the somatosensory association area located

Answer 15

adjacent to the primary somatosensory area in the parietal lobe

Question 16

What is the role of the somatosensory association area

Answer 16

Interpretation of the significance of sensory information, such as touch, pressure, and proprioception

Question 17

Where is the primary visual cortex found

Answer 17

located on the banks of the calcarine sulcus on the medial aspect of the occipital lobe

Question 18

How is the primary visual cortex organized

Answer 18

retinotopically

Question 19

Fibers from the upper visual field project to the…

Answer 19

lower bank of the calcarine sulcus

Question 20

Fibers from the lower visual field project to the…

Answer 20

superior bank of the calcarine sulcus

Question 21

where is the fovea represented

Answer 21

near the occipital pole

Question 22

Where is the visual association area found

Answer 22

surrounding the primary visual cortex on the medial surface of the occipital lobe

Question 23

What does the visual association area do

Answer 23

give meaning and interpretation to visual information

Question 24

Where are the frontal eye fields located

Answer 24

in the supplementary motor area and extend anteriorly

Question 25

What is the role of the frontal eye fields

Answer 25

eye movements

Question 26

Where is the motor hand area found

Answer 26

It is the hook-shaped segment of the precentral gyrus located just posterior to the frontal eye fields

Question 27

What is the primary auditory area composed of

Answer 27

• The transverse Heschl’s gyri deep within the lateral sulci
• A strip of cortex on the superior surface of the superior temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe

Question 28

is the ear represented in a unilateral or bilateral manner on the cortex

Answer 28

bilateral

Question 29

What is the role of the auditory association area

Answer 29

Allows us to interpret sounds and give them meaning

Question 30

Where is the primary gustatory area located

Answer 30

In the insular cortex within the lateral fissure

Question 31

what is the function of the insular cortex

Answer 31

Involved in consciousness, emotion, self-awareness, and cognitive function

Question 32

Where is the broca area located? what does it do?

Answer 32

In the frontal lobe, anterior to the premotor association area. Allows for the production of all forms of language

Question 33

Where is the wernicke area located? what is its role?

Answer 33

Spans the parietal and temporal lobes around the lateral fissure and primary auditory area. Allows for the comprehension of language

Question 34

How are Broca and Wernicke areas connected

Answer 34

via a deep fiber tract called the arcuate fasciculus

Question 35

What does the arcuate fasciculus allow for

Answer 35

For us to produce works that make sense and understand what is said and respond appropriately

Question 36

What does the dominant hemisphere deal with (language)

Answer 36

the important language functions of production and comprehension

Question 37

what does the non-dominant hemisphere deal with (language

Answer 37

the melody of language, accent and tone of voice

Question 38

What is the role of the prefrontal cortex

Answer 38

has extensive connections with other parts of brain and is important for executive function, which includes memory, problem solving, attention, planning, and cognitive flexibility

Question 39

What is the function of the parietal association area

Answer 39

involved in orientating our attention in time and space and is highly interconnected with the prefrontal cortex

Question 40

What is the function of the temporal association area

Answer 40

Critical for making the link between the visual stimulus of a face or object and its meaning or identity

Question 41

What is the function of unimodal association cortex

Answer 41

higher-order information processing of a single sensory or motor modality

Question 42

What is the function of heteromodal association cortex

Answer 42

Involved in integrating functions from multiple modalities (sensory and/or motor)