BLOOD SUPPLY CORTEX - MODULE Flashcards

1
Q

The brainstem is supplied with blood by a network of arteries collectively called the…

A

vertebral-basilar system

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2
Q

The vertebral-basilar system arises from ____ which branch off from the _____

A

vertebral arteries

subclavian arteries

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3
Q

The cortex and deep structures are supplied with blood from the anterior arterial system which arises from the

A

internal carotid arteries

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4
Q

The anterior system anastomoses with the posterior vertebral-basilar system at the ____

A

circle of willis

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5
Q

The circle of willis creates

A

collateral flow

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6
Q

only ___% of individuals desplay a complete circle of willis

A

34%

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7
Q

The basilar artery bifurcates to form the

A

posterior cerebral artery

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8
Q

The internal carotide arteries supply the ____ and _____ arteries

A

middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries

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9
Q

The posterior cerebral arteries curve around the ____ on their way to the cortex

A

midbrain

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10
Q

The posterior cerebral arteries supplies the…

A
  • Medial surface of the occipital and temporal lobes
  • Inferior and medial parts of the temporal lobe
  • Portions of the lateral temporal and occipital lobes
  • Thalamus
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11
Q

The middle cerebral artery is the direct branch from the ______

A

internal carotid artery

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12
Q

The MCA curves to enter the ____, where it then divides into multiple end branches

A

lateral fissure

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13
Q

Where do the divisions of the MCA travel

A

they form loops as they travel over the insula and thene xit the lateral fissure and pass onto the lateral surface of the cortex

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14
Q

What does the superior division of the MCA supply

A

portions of the frontal and parietal cortex located above the fissure

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15
Q

What does the inferior division of the MCA supply

A

the temporal and parietal cortex located below the fissure

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16
Q

What are lenticulostriate arteries

A

Deep branches of the MCA, as well as some additional branches of the ACA

17
Q

What do lenticulostriate arteries supply

A

regions of the basal ganglia and internal capsule

18
Q

The two anterior cerebral arteries anastomose anteriorly at the _____

A

anterior communicating artery

19
Q

What does the anterior cerebral artery supply

A
  • most of the cortex on the medial surface of the frontal and parietal lobes and the
  • cortex on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe
  • 1-2 cm of the cortex on the lateral surface of the frontal and parietal lobes
20
Q

What do the end branches of the ACA supply

A

1-2 cm of the cortex on the lateral surface of the frontal and parietal lobes

21
Q

The ACA passes anteriorly to enter the longitudinal fissure and then swings posterior to travel along…

A

the superior surface of the corpus callosum

22
Q

The ACA generally bifurcates into two main branches on the ____ surface of the brain

23
Q

What are the anterior choroidal arteries branches of

A

the internal carotid artery

24
Q

The anterior choroidal arteries travel to the ______ in which part of the brain?

A

Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle

25
What is the perfusion territory of the anterior choroidal arteries
- Globus pallidus - Putamen - Tail of the caudate nucleus - Posterior limb of the internal capsule - Hippocampus - Inferior horn of lateral ventricle
26
Why is the anterior choroidal artery vulnerable to increases in blood pressure? what is the effect of this?
It is small in diameter, but branches off of the high-pressure internal carotid artery. This can lead to bursting of the small arterial walls, and hemorrhagic stroke
27
What is a watershed area
the area where two perfusion territories come together
28
When are watershed areas vulnerable
- severe drops in systemic blood pressure | - Partial occlusion of a major blood vessel
29
The basal ganglia receives blood supply from which vessels
- ACA - MCA - PCA - Anterior choroidal