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History: Industrialisation and the People 1783-1885 > The Constitutional Monarchy > Flashcards

The Constitutional Monarchy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a constitutional monarchy?

A

A system of government where the monarch is the head of state but their powers are limited by Parliament.

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2
Q

What is a democracy?

A

A system of government by the eligible members of electorate, through elected representatives.

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3
Q

What is universal suffrage? Was it present in 1783?

A
  • adult men and women can vote
  • no, women couldn’t vote
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4
Q

What is secret ballot? Was it present in 1783?

A
  • voting is anonymous
  • no, people partied during elections or were forced to vote
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5
Q

What are regular elections? Was it present in 1783?

A
  • elections every 7 years
    -1716 septennial act
  • but NO; seats were never contested as mps saw no need for reform and liked continuity
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6
Q

What is bribery? Was it present in 1783?

A
  • being paid or threatened to vote for a certain candidate
  • yes, voting was very corrupt
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7
Q

Were MPs paid? What was the result of this?

A
  • no
  • thus MPs were only wealthy aristocrats
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8
Q

What is the House of Commons? Was it present in 1783?

A
  • the elected chamber of parliament
  • they were becoming more powerful
  • dominated by aristocrats and did not care for democracy
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9
Q

What is Equal Franchise? Was it present in 1783?

A
  • men and women of the same age can vote
  • no. women couldn’t vote
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10
Q

What were the Political Parties of 1783?

A

Whigs and tories

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11
Q

Was there fair representation in 1783?

A
  • no, not in Parliament as Mps were aristocrats, constituencies were different sizes and there were too many voting requirements
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12
Q

What are the key features of a democracy?

A
  1. Universal Suffrage
  2. equal franchise
  3. NO bribery
  4. political parties
  5. house of commons
  6. secret ballot
  7. regular elections
  8. fair representation
  9. MPs being paid
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13
Q

What was the 1689 Bill of Rights?

A

An act which restricted the power of the monarchy resulting in democracy in Britain

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14
Q

How was democracy initially perceived as in Britain?

A
  • a familiar but uncommonly used word
  • wasn’t always good
  • connoted the Ancient world and the idea of aristocrats having too much power over the masses
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15
Q

What did the British government want to do?

A
  • balance the monarchical, democratic and aristocratic element of politics
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16
Q

What 2 things did the government disagree over?

A

who should be able to vote and how should it be carried out
was voting a right?

17
Q

What was the problem with seats in Parliament?

A
  • unequal distribution
  • some MPs represented 1000s, some less then 100
18
Q

What was the role of Parliament?

A
  • to collect taxes and acceptance for the laws created by the monarch
19
Q

Who dominated parliament?

A
  • aristocrats
20
Q

What was the role of the monarch in 1783? What could they do?

A
  • Head of State
  • veto legislation made by parliament via the civil list
  • summon and dissolve parliament
  • chose MPs and the PM
21
Q

What was the Royal Prerogative?

A
  • a special right to choose & dismiss MPS and didn’t have to listen to MPs
22
Q

What was the Civil List?

A

a fixed annual sum agreed by parliament to pay for the monarch’s household

23
Q

What did the monarch use to gain loyalty?

A

Patronage

24
Q

What chambers made up Parliament?

A

House of Commons and House of Lords

25
Q

Which was the superior chamber in parliament?

A

Which was the superior chamber in parliament?

26
Q

In what way was the monarch reliant on parliament?

A
  • financially; had to have parliaments support to pass laws
27
Q

What was the House of Lords? What could they do?

A
  • unelected, hereditary peers
  • could block laws passed by the Commons
28
Q

What was the House of Commons? What could they do?

A
  • chamber of elected representatives
  • controlled taxation
  • checked on the executive
  • becoming more powerful
29
Q

What was the Prime Minister & Cabinet? What did they do?

A
  • advised the King
  • becoming more dependent on the support of parliament than the monarch
  • PM was usually the First Lord of Treasury beforehand
30
Q

Who were the Whigs? Where did their name originate from?

A
  • political faction
  • name for horse thieves and Scottish Presbyterians
  • connoted non-conformity as they claimed the power to exclude the heir to the throne
  • supported protestant succession
31
Q
  • political faction
  • name for horse thieves and Scottish Presbyterians
  • connoted non-conformity as they claimed the power to exclude the heir to the throne
  • supported protestant succession
A
  • political faction
  • name originated from them being known as papist outlaws as they supported the stuart dynasty, despite them being roman catholics
32
Q

Which political party was most popular in 1783? Why was this?

A
  • whigs
  • tories were associated with their failure to restore the stuart dynasty
33
Q

What is a similarity between Whigs and Tories?

A
  • both advocated for continuity and did not care for democracy
34
Q

Which party was more tolerant towards Protestant dissenters?

A
  • Whigs
35
Q

Who was Charles James Fox?

A
  • political rival to Pitt
  • known for being outspoken, unpredictable and against the monarch’s rule
36
Q

What is another name for a constitutional monarchy?

A
  • a limited government

History: Industrialisation and the People 1783-1885 (21 decks)

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