The Civil War

Question 1

who was the rebellion led by

Answer 1

general sanjurjo - fron exile

operations by general Mola

Question 2

what were the main things the right used as justification for the revolution

Answer 2

perception of chaos in spain

fear of communism

Question 3

what were the speeches in june 1936 from the right

Answer 3

gil robles - details political crimes in last 4 months - spain descending into anarchy
calvo sotelo - binaries of spain of order and tradition vs spain of chaos

Question 4

research into violence at this time?

Answer 4

suggests state became more violent but civilians didnt

more likely to be victim of lethal violence if left

Question 5

events of days leading up to war

Answer 5

12th july - right wing death squad kill republican policeman Jesus castillo
13th - assault guards retaliate by killing calvo sotelo

Question 6

detour to toledo

Answer 6

oct 1936
good for propaganda
but international brigade arrives in madrid
drags war out
site of huge symbolic importance - first muslim city in medieval times to be conquered by christians

Question 7

when were the rebels trying to take asturias

Answer 7

spring 1937

Question 8

when was the bombing of guernica

Answer 8

26th april 1937

Question 9

when did the rebels take the basque region

Answer 9

october 1937

Question 10

what happened at the battle of guadalajara

Answer 10

spring 1937
republican victory against rebels
against italian troops
franco pleased, sent italians smug telegram

Question 11

when did the rebels advance towards mediterranean and when did they reach it

Answer 11

march 1938 advanced towards sea

15th april reached sea

Question 12

when was the new french gov put in

Answer 12

june 1938

closed french border

Question 13

when was republic offensive across ebro

Answer 13

july 1938
250,000 fighting
15,000 killed
110,000 injured

Question 14

when was the munic agreement

Answer 14

sept 1938

Question 15

when did the rebels enter madrid and when was victory declared

Answer 15

27th march 1939 entered madrid

1st april 1939 victory declared

Question 16

when was first aerial bombing and where

Answer 16

madrid 28th august 1936

Question 17

when did republicans launch offensive on aragon front

Answer 17

june 1937

made rapid progress but by late summer not sustainable

Question 18

when was battle of teruel (Aragon) and its significance

Answer 18

winter 1937-38
coldness prevented franco from using transport and planes
many soldiers died from exposure
republican captured city in jan 1938, but franco beat them in counteroffensive in feb
realised couldnt beat francos weapons

Question 19

what did franco promise nazis for more air power to defeat ebro offensive

Answer 19

mining rights

Question 20

when did franco publish terms of unconditional republican surrender

Answer 20

feb 1939

Question 21

what was negrín’s last non-negotiable for ceasefire

Answer 21

no reprisals against defeated republican population

Question 22

when was the political rebellion against negrin in republic

Answer 22

march 1939

Question 23

when was centre south zone surrendered

Answer 23

late march 1939

Question 24

how did franco view being sent to canary islands

Answer 24

as a demotion/banishment

preston

Question 25

what did franco say about the assassination of calvo sotelo

Answer 25

the fatherland now has another martyr

Question 26

how many cities defeated the uprising to begin with

Answer 26

5 / 7 of spains biggest cities