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Spanish Civil War > Bienio Negro > Flashcards

Bienio Negro Flashcards

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1
Q

1932 coup

A

august 1932
led by general sanjurjo
monarchist/army coup
failed

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2
Q

election in november 1933 results

A

right centre win - CEDA with Radical party

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3
Q

who was the leader of the radical party

A

Alejandro Lerroux

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4
Q

main points about the radical party

A

centre, republican
hostile to regionalism
inherently very corrupt - easy to manipulate

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5
Q

who was the leader of CEDA

A

jose maria gil robles

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6
Q

CEDA youth movement

A

JAP

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7
Q

main points of CEDA

A 
made up of different right wing parties
very catholic
morally conservative
supports strong law and order
poor owed charity but not rights or state help
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8
Q

who supported the CEDA

A 
landowning class - rural rather than urban support
upper-middle class in urban areas
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9
Q

disagreements in the coalition were between:

A

economic conservatives - about people making money, land problems
social conservatives - about catholicism, souls, social issues

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10
Q

what does ‘accidentalist’ means and why was CEDA one?

A

happened by chance.

didnt care what regime it was as long as certain catholic values are held by the state - heirarchy, moral codes

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11
Q

when did the nazi party come into power

when did the dollfuss party come into power

A

nazi - 1933

dollfuss - 1934

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12
Q

events in october 1934

A

3 CEDA members force themselves into the cabinet
left attempt revolution - want fresh elections. involves PSOE, CNT, PCE
revolution fails everywhere except asturias

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13
Q

Asturias 1934

A

lasts 2 weeks against government
tails of atrocities from both sides
government responds to them with troops and army of africa
franco directing troops from madrid

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14
Q

1934 blanket repression after october 1934

A 
parliament closed
constitutional guarentees suspended
press censorship
death penalty reinstated
mass imprisonment of politicians and trade unionists - 40,000
left wing organisations shut down
azana imprisoned
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15
Q

bienio negro reversal of reforms

A

land reforms ignored
minimum wage ignored
labour arbitration boards ignored or favoured employers
arbitrary evictions
repressive police policies
decrease education budget
amnesty bill for 1932 coup - imprisoned rather than death penalty

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16
Q

Casanova reasons CEDA was set up

A

to defend christian civilisation
combat sectarian legislation
revise constitution

17
Q

Lannon accion nacional objectives (form basis of CEDA later)

A 
1931 defined objectives as:
defence of religion against atheism
fatherland against local nationalism
family against free love
work against controlled labour market
18
Q

what did franco call the asturias rebellion?

A

a frontier war (preston)

19
Q

malefakis points

A

revolt caused reactionary forces in centre right - allowed them to begin taking down azanas social legislation
wages fell to pre-republican levels

20
Q

who ran the popular front

A

azana - left republican

prieto - PSOE (socialists)

21
Q

who does the popular front involve?

A

alliance of left wing parties
aims to get socialists involved
involves PCE (communists) for first time
CNT support but dont participate

22
Q

what was the popular fronts most important policy

A

political amnesty for prisoners of 1934
granted 21st feb 1936
approx 30,000 people affected

23
Q

how many votes did PF and CEDA get?

A

PF - 4,654,116 votes
CEDA - 4,503,524 votes
150,592 votes in it

24
Q

how many seats did the parties win?

A

PF - 263
CEDA - 156
Central parties - 51
radicals - 8

25
Q

controversies of 1936 election

A

was election result accurate?

polorisation of spanish politics?

26
Q

casanova points

A

250 deaths between feb-july for political violence

none of them clergy

27
Q

malefakis point

A

in 1936 elections, sharp rise in electoral abstention in old rightist strongholds like Old Castile and Leon

28
Q

how many acts of violence were there during the campaign for the 1933 elections

A 
oct - dec 1933
321 acts of violence, 34 dead
64% on campaigners/party/trade union members
andalusia had highest number
victims commonly right wing (54%)

Spanish Civil War (12 decks)

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