Country vs Town

Question 1

Education

Answer 1

Country - lack of education, high rates of illiteracy

Town - more likely to have access to schooling

Question 2

Political consciousness

Answer 2

Country - lack of political consciousness, but also a blank canvas for -isms - nothing left to lose
Town - around people with same experiences and frustrations, development of community politics and new ideas.

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

Country - a closer community, closed off from outside world, moral codes fixed, culturally controlled
Town - relative anonymity so cultural freedom.

Question 4

emigration/immigration

Answer 4

country - emigration to latin america or bigger cities - sign of economic desperation
town - migration - population increase, overcrowding

Question 5

Religion

Answer 5

Country - popular feature of rural life, bonded people together, but growing resentment of priests
Town - less important but still a large part of life, growing resentment of church and its power

Question 6

State

Answer 6

Country - seen as not caring about them, only interaction with state is negative - landowners and caciques etc.
Town - antagonistic, no state provision.

Question 7

what is absenteeism

Answer 7

when land is owned by wealthy people who dont live there

Question 8

land in the south

Answer 8

made up of latifundias and caciques, who control the community through power/persuasion.

Question 9

land in the north

Answer 9

small holdings = small area used for farming (but much smaller than a farm). can usually feed ones family off them.

Question 10

problem of monocultures

Answer 10

landowners wanted to make money, get workers to grow things like wheat, but not what the community needs.
results if there is a disease/change in climate/soil - all die, no food or money.

Question 11

work in the towns

Answer 11

conditions were bad but work was relatively stable, highly payed, skilled work, more opportunity for promotion.

Question 12

Population increase in Barcelona

Answer 12

1850-1900 population increased by over 300%
doubled again between 1900-1930.
by 1920s, 35% of urban population of Barcelona was non-Catalan
by 1930, Barcelona most populated city in Spain.
(Ealham)

Question 13

what are barracas

Answer 13

shanty houses, lacking basic amenities, unstable structures - built in barcelona to deal with increasing population.

Question 14

national average income vs day labourer income

Answer 14

4 pesetas to 1.5 pesetas

1930s - 9 pesetas to 3.5 pesetas

Question 15

illiteracy levels

Answer 15

1900 - 80% of rural population illiterate

1930 - 66% of rural population illiterate