Restoration System

Question 1

When was the restoration period from & to

Answer 1

1874 - 1923

Question 2

started with the return of King ?

Answer 2

King Alfonso XII (Bourbon)

Question 3

who was the prime minister and when was he assassinated

Answer 3

Cánovas - assassinated in 1897

Question 4

Reasons that restoration system was democratic

Answer 4

had elections (adult men could vote)
freedom of speech
freedom of religious practise (in private)
trial by jury

Question 5

Powers of the king

Answer 5

able to select MPs and ministers (and would change them round regularly to find people who suited his agenda)
could declare war and make treaties without consulting parliament
controlled armed forces

Question 6

Reasons that restorations system was not democratic

Answer 6

elections were rigged
society of caciques and caciquismo
both parties basically the same
ability to practise your own politics very limited.

Question 7

army’s constitution

Answer 7

primary purpose is to protect spain from internal enemies.

Question 8

infanticide rates

Answer 8

1/6 children didnt live to 3.

Question 9

land in the north

Answer 9

often own area of land, enought to feed the family, maybe some to sell. calm relations between social classes.

Question 10

land in the south

Answer 10

latifundias. workers wandering land to find work. payed very poorly, barely enough to feed yourself.
bad relations between social classes.

Question 11

modernisation and urbanisation - key cities and products

Answer 11

Barcelona - textiles
Bilbao - iron, steel, ship building
Asturias - coal mining
Madrid - commercial

Question 12

cuban war

Answer 12

against USA for cuban independence. lost in 1898.

Question 13

what is social darwinism

Answer 13

applies darwin’s theory of evolution to human society - about strength of races, racial superiority, strong will survive.

Question 14

difference between regeneration from above and below

Answer 14

above - need a strong leader to push through necessary reforms.
below - need to democratize political systems and modernise

Question 15

reasons for colonising morocco

Answer 15

issues of empire
rich land with gold
religious reasons - muslims
gave army something to do

Question 16

Cuban war casualty no.s

Answer 16

200,000 spaniards died of disease and wounds (Brenan)

Question 17

when did they call up reservists for moroccan war and what was the outcome

Answer 17

1909
led to discontent and protests - Tragic week.
all male spaniards had to do some military service but rich could buy their way out.

Question 18

Tragic Week

Answer 18

Catalonia 1909
1500 civilians tried at military courts, 17 executed.
crowd also attacks clergy.
bringing back of army to put opposition down

Question 19

jackson points

Answer 19

1833 - 7 year carlist uprising caused deeper question of role of spanish monarchy. issues never really resolved.
1868 - isabella II dethroned by pronunciamiento

Question 20

Stockey points

Answer 20

Cánovas inherently conservative - economic underdevelopment, mass illiteracy, use of state violence.
restoration system dependent of army and church - reactionary and conservative.