Republic Constitution

Question 1

what is the constituent cortes

Answer 1

spain’s parliament when convened as a constitutent assembly (elected representatives meet to draft a constitution)

Question 2

military reforms

Answer 2

reduce officer salaries
modernise tactics and equipment
depoliticise army

Question 3

land reforms

Answer 3

modernisation - incrase productivity
break up latifundia
social justice in work conditions - better wages

Question 4

Social reforms

Answer 4

8 hour day
illegal not to cultivate agricultural land
created municipal boundaries

Question 5

church and education reforms

Answer 5

articles 26, 27, 48
separate church and state
expulsion of religious orders
removal of state subsidy
removal of church from state education
government control over religious processions, worship and public presence
government reglation of cemetaries

Question 6

Azana church quote

Answer 6

‘all the churches in Spain are not worth the life of a single republican’

Question 7

May ‘disturbances’

Answer 7

10-13th May 1931 - convents and religious buildings burned in riots starting in Madrid.

Question 8

problems of church reforms

Answer 8

very expensive to implement
petty restrictions on church alienate population in certain areas
church continues to educate but in civilian clothing

Question 9

regional reforms

Answer 9

opens up possiblity of devolution
1932 - catalan autonomy statute
1936 - basque autonomy statute
protection of right to use and teach regional languages.

Question 10

gender reforms

Answer 10

1933 - womens suffrage - right to vote
right to stand for parliament
legalised divorce
right to property

Question 11

parliamentary reforms

Answer 11

single chamber/presidency/voting
no house of lords to slow down or revise legistlation
electoral law to favour coalitions
presidential power over constitutional issues

Question 12

azana’s three goals (preston)

Answer 12

modernizing church-state relations
modernizing the army
introducing rationality and dialogue into political and parliamentary life

Question 13

‘review of promotions’ military response

Answer 13

3 June 1931
inflamed army
newspapers declared azana’s intention was to ‘crush the army’
present republic as responsible for spains economic problems, violence, disrespct for army and anticlericalism.
(preston)

Question 14

closing of zaragoza military academy

Answer 14

30 june 1931
franco was director
14th july - franco's farewell speech referred to republican officers as 'a pernicious example of immorality and injustice'
azana gave franco a formal reprimand
(preston)

Question 15

azana speech about catholics

Answer 15

13 oct 1931
‘spain has ceased to be catholic’
caused alarm among catholics and right wing republicans
(preston)

Question 16

2 narratives of constitution

Answer 16

1 - inspired by noble sentiments but doomed to failure

2 - divisive illiberal document which made civil war inevitable