The Cell

Question 1

What five main function does the plasma membrane have?

Answer 1

1. Border
2. Cell recognition, (different membrane, different function)
3. Enzym function
4. Receptor function
5. connecting cells

Question 2

What’s the name for the liquid in the cell

Answer 2

Cytosol

Question 3

What is the name of the three different cytoskeleton? And how does they look like?

Answer 3

1. Microfilament (2 st snurrade kullängor)
2. Intermediate filament (Som ett rep)
3. Microtubule (Rör av många kullängor)

Question 4

Name two types of membrane specializations, how they look and give example of functions

Answer 4

1. Cilia, short hair, egg cells

2. Flagella, long hair, sperm

Question 5

Where can you find the chromosomes during cell division?

Answer 5

In the nucleus

Question 6

What is the dubbel membrane in the nucleus called?

Answer 6

Nuclear envelope

Question 7

Where is the ribosome produced?

Answer 7

In the nucleous

Question 8

What types of endoplasmic reticulum exists?

Answer 8

Rough ER and Smooth ER

Question 9

The Golgi Complex is the membrane structure between — and ——-.

Answer 9

Endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane

Question 10

Where is the ATP made?

Answer 10

In the Mitrochondrion

Question 11

What does the mitrochondria consist of?

Answer 11

Dubble membrane, a cristane

Question 12

How does prions come up?

Answer 12

By a genome

Question 13

What is the proteasomes purpose?

Answer 13

To degrading labelled proteins

Question 14

What is a prion?

Answer 14

Prions are misfolded proteins.

Question 15

If a person gets a transplant, which part of the cell will help to recognize the organ?
A.The mitochondrion
B.The peroxisome
C.The ribosome
D.The plasma membrane
E.The nucleus

Answer 15

The correct answer is D

Question 16

Johannesgoes to a party andhas couple of drinks that contain alcohol, which of the following enzyme is crucial to detox hisliver and kidney cells?

a) acetylcholinesterase
b) lysozyme
c) acrosome
d) catalase
e) aromatase

Answer 16

The right answer is d.

Question 17

Which part of the cell is responsible for transporting and sorting proteins?
A. The Endoplasmic Reticulum
B. The Mitochondrion
C. The Centrosome
D. The Golgi Complex
E. The Peroxisome

Answer 17

D. The Golgi Complex

Question 18

Which of the following compounds is not part of the protein synthesis in the human body?

(a) Ribosome
(b) Nucleous
(c) The golgi system
(d) Peroxisomes
(e) Rough endoplasmic recticulam

Answer 18

(d) Peroxisomes

Question 19

Which alternative below is not a part of the innate immune system?
A: Inflammation  
B: Mucus 
C: Anti microbial substances 
D: Phagocytes 
E: T-Cells

Answer 19

E: T-Cells

Question 20

Question: Which of following terms isn’t directly connected tothe protein synthesis?
Answer:
A.Transcription
B.Lysosome
C.Nucleotides
D.Nucleus
E.Ribosome

Answer 20

B.Lysosome

Question 21

1. One half of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018 is awarded to Frances H. Arnold. In 1993, she conducted the first directed evolution of enzymes. What is true for enzymes?
   A) Enzymes are only present within the lysosomes
   B) Enzymes are always associated to a phospholipid bilayer
   C) Oxidase, DNA polymerase and Glucagon are all examples of enzymes
   D) Enzymes are usually activated by transmittor substances
   E) The building blocks of enzymes are usually different amino acids

Answer 21

E) The building blocks of enzymes are usually different amino acids

Question 22

Energy needed for chemical reactions in the body is provided by the breakdown of... (1p)
A) ribonucleic acid (RNA).
B) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
C) adenosine diphosphate (ADP).
D) adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
E) adenosine monophosphate (AMP).

Answer 22

D) adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Question 23

A large organic molecule composed of the sugar ribose, nitrogenous bases, and phosphate groups is which kind of molecule? 
A) DNA
B) Triglyceride
C) RNA
D) cAMP
E) ATP

Answer 23

C) RNA

Question 24

Digestive enzymes are most abundant in... 
A) Golgi complexes.
B) rough endoplasmic reticulum.
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
D) lysosomes.
E) mitochondria.

Answer 24

D) lysosomes

Question 25

5. The plasma membrane consists of... 
A) cellulose and carbohydrates.
B) mostly proteins.
C) entirely of phospholipids.
D) phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
E) carbohydrates and lipids only.

Answer 25

D) phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Question 26

Which of following organelles is primarily involved in the modification (e.g. glycosylation), sorting, and packaging of proteins? (1p)
A) ribosomes
B) lysosomes
C) mitochondria
D) Golgi complex
E) nucleus

Answer 26

D) Golgi complex

Question 27

The main function of a stratified squamous epithelium is... 
A) secretion.
B) absorption.
C) diffusion.
D) protection.
E) distension

Answer 27

D) protection

Question 28

Which of the following substances is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm to initiate skeletal muscle contraction? (1p)
A) phosphate
B) ATP
C) potassium
D) calcium
E) sodium

Answer 28

D) calcium

Question 29

6. Smooth muscle is… (1p)
   A) striated, multinucleated and voluntary
   B) non-striated, single nucleated and involuntary
   C) striated, single nucleated and involuntary
   D) non-striated, multinucleated and involuntary
   E) striated, multinucleated and involuntary

Answer 29

B) non-striated, single nucleated and involuntary

Question 30

The charge difference between the outside and the inside of the plasma membrane of a neuron at rest is called the... (1p)
A) action potential.
B) synaptic potential.
C) excitatory postsynaptic potential.
D) resting membrane potential.
E) equilibrium potential.

Answer 30

D) resting membrane potential.