Cardiovascular system Flashcards
What is a stroke?
Samlingsnamn för hjärnskador: propp eller blödning
Name som heart diseases
Stroke, valve diseases, Hypertoni
Name som factors for Atherosclerosis
Diet, obesity, smoking, hypertension, vascular disease, age, gender, family history
What is the english word for ‘‘åderförkalkning’’?
Atherosclerosis
Where is the heart located?
Thoracic cavity between two lungs, 2/3 to left of midline. 30 degrees angle
What is the name of the outer layer of the heart? Not Pericardium
Epicardium
What is the name of the heart cardiac muscle ?
Myocardium
What tissue is inside of the Myocardium ?
Squamous epithelium
What is the 4 layers of the heart?
Outer: Pericardium - Epicardium -Myocardium- endocardium
How many chambers are there and how are they located?
4 st, 2 upper (atria) and two lower(ventricles)
Explain the blood through through the heart
- Delivers deoxygenated blood to right artium in trough Superior & inteferior vena Cavae.
- Out to the right ventricle pulmanary capilers in the lungs through pulmonary tunk and pulmonary arteries.
- Oxygen change in the lungs
- Blood through pulmunary veins and the left atrium and then left ventricle
- And then to ascending aorta and then into the body
Which are the order of the cardiocycle?
P , Q, R,S, T
What is the Cornoally circulation?
Hjärtats egna syresättning
Explain Tachycardia and Bradycardia
Tachycardia: rapid resting HR (>100 bpm)
Bradycardia= slow resting HR (<50 bpm)
Where are the cardiovascular system reglated?
In medulla, by hormones and neural mechanisms
What is medulla in swedish?
Märg
Which of the following cause is the major cause of death in South Africa? A.Cancer B.Cardiovascular diseases C.Maternal and perinatal causes D.Injury and poisoning E.Chronic obstructive lung diseases
B.Cardiovascular diseases
Which of the following equations is used to calculatecardiac output (CO)?
a) CO = heart rate+ stroke volume
b) CO = heart rate -stroke volume
c) CO = heart rate *stroke volume
d) CO = heart rate/stroke volume
e) None of the above
c
Which of the following statements the cardiovasclurar system is right?
(a) The arteries carry oxygenated blood while the veins carry de-oxygenated blood.
(b) Pulmonary artery carries blood towards the heart from the pulmonary system.
(c) Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood.
(d) Heart muscles get blood supply through diffusion.
(e) there are two atrioventricular nodes on either sides of the heart.
c
If you would go to a party and drink a lot of alcohol which one of this receptors would not work properly and lead you to be more clumsy? A.Baroreceptors B.Proprioceptors C.Chemoreceptors D.Hypothalamus receptors E.Cerebral cortex receptors
Correct answer is B
The cardiovascularcenter is located in the medulla. Which of the following does the cardiovascular center help regulate?
a) Stroke volume
b) Heart rate
c) Blood pressure
d) Blood flow to specific tissues
e) All of the above
e
If you are going for a run, what would not increase? A. heartrate B. parasympathetic action C. cardiac output D. blood pressure E. force of contraction
B. parasympathetic action
Which of the following statements about the blood vessels is wrong?
(a) The veins carry blood back to heart.
(b) Arterioles got smooth muscles that help regulate both the blood pressure and the flow.
(c) Both veins and arteries are made of three layers and veins have valves in the inner most layer, but arteries don’t.
(d) Capillaries are so thin that the flow rate is higher in there.
(e) Capillaries have only got two thinner layers which support the diffusion of gas.
d
Blood transported by the pulmonary veins returns to the... (1p) A) left atrium. B) left ventricle. C) right atrium. D) right ventricle. E) None of the above.
A) left atrium
