Biochemistry Flashcards
Homeostasis - which properties does it regulate? (10st)
Blood glucose, Blood pressure, PH, Water content, Oxygen levels, Body temperatur, Energy/nutrients, Calcium, Iron, Salinity
Which element does our bodies contains of?
Oxygen(65%), Carbon(18.5%), Hydrogen(9.5%), Nitrogen(3.2%), Lesser elements (3.8%), Trace elements(0.2%)
5 steps in our feedback system
- Stimulus,
- Monitoring/receptors,
- Control center,
- Action/effectors,
- response
Name some inorganic and som organic compounds
Inorganic: Water, Acids, bases, salts.
Organic: Always contains C. Lipids, Carbohydrates, proteins.
What happens if we get an iodine deficiency?
Illness: Goiter
Symtoms: Swelling at the base of the neck,
Our thyroidhormones need iodide.
Name some monosaccharides (5st)
Glucose, fructoes, galactose, Ribose (RNA), Deoxribose(DNA)
Name some disaccharides (3st)
Sucrose, lactoes, maltose
Name some polysaccharides (3st)
Starches, cellulose, glycogen
What is fatty lipids named in swedish?
Fettsyror.
A lipid can be —-, —– or —-.
Saturated(Butter, cheeze, meat etc.), Monounsaturated (Olive oil, Avocados, nuts) or Polyunsaturated (salamon).
Name three main groups of lipids and some characteristics
- Triglycerides - High energy
- Phospholipids - Phoshategroup,
polarized, used in cellmembrane. - Steroids - Vitamin D, horomnes, cholestrole
What does a nucleotide consist of? (3st)
- Nitrogenous bases
- Deoxyribose
- Phosphate Group
What is characteristics with the nucleic acid DNA? (4st)
- Consist of deoxribose
- Double helix
- In nucleus - genetic information
- A C T G
What is characteristics with the nucleic acid RNA? (4st)
- Consist of ribose
- Single
- Molecular slave of DNA
- A C U G
Name 8 functions that proteins can have
- Antibodies
- Movement
- Messenger
- Receptor
- Cell adhesion
- Storage
- Transport
- Structural
What is sickle cell anemia?
It is a disease which is caused by the change in the structure in the blood.
Which three different typs of transports across the plasma membrane exicst?
- Passive transport
- Active transport
- Transport in vesicles
Explain facilitated diffusion
A membrane protein assists a specific substance across the membrane, down a
concentration gradient.
ex glucose, fructose, urea, vitamins
If you would buy lactose-free milk in the supermarket, which of these carbohydrates would you find in the composition?
- Glucose and cellulose
- Glucose and fructose
- Galactose and glucose
- Sucrose and galactose
- Glycogen and galactose
3
What of the following is not true for inorganic and organic compounds?
- Organic compounds are more complex than inorganic ones.
- Inorganic compounds never contain carbon.
- Organic compounds can be carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acidsor ATP.
- Water is an inorganic compound.
- Organic compounds always contain carbon.
2
Which of the following statements is wrong about the organic compounds in the human body?
- All of the organic compounds contain carbon in their molecular structure
- Organic compounds can also become acid and base
- Carbondioxide is categorized as inorganic while its acid (Carbonic acid- OC(OH)2) is to beconsidered organic
- Vitamin K is an organic compound
- Hemoglobin is categorised organic even though it contains iron ions (Fe2+) in theirmolecular structure
3
Which of the following alternatives are NOT protein? Enzymes Receptors Structures Deoxyribose Cell adhesion
Deoxyribose
Which of the following compounds is not an inorganic compound?
a) H2O
b) CO2
c) Lipids
d) Acids
e) Bases
c
Question: Which of the followingcarbohydrates is NOT a monosaccharide? Answer: A.Fructoes B.Ribose C.Starch D.Glucose E.Galactose
C.Starch
If a polypeptide contains 10 peptide bonds, how many amino acids does it contain? (1p) A) 0 B) 10 C) 5 D) 11 E) 12
D) 11
The breakdown of complex organic molecules into smaller ones is known as... A) anabolism. B) catabolism. C) metabolism. D) oxidation. E) reduction.
B) catabolism.
The backbone and rings of all organic molecules are formed by... A) carbon. B) oxygen. C) magnesium. D) phosphorus. E) nitrogen.
A) carbon
The human somatic cells contain \_\_\_\_\_\_ chromosomes. (1p) A) 46 B) 23 C) 43 D) 24 E) 54
A) 46
In 2013, he Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Südhof for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic. The Vesicles are made of.........? (1p) A) triglycerides B) polysaccharides C) steroids D) phospholipids E) Adenosine triphosphate
D) phospholipids
