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PE > The Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 parts of the cardiovascular system?

A
  • The heart
  • Blood vessels
  • Blood
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2
Q

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

A
  • Transport
  • Protection
  • Body temperature regulation
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3
Q

How does the cardiovascular system transport?

A

The heart pumps blood transporting oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and lactic acid

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4
Q

How does the cardiovascular system protect?

A

Protects from infection and blood loss.
White blood cells fight disease.
The clotting of blood helps to seal a wound preventing infection.

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5
Q

How does the cardiovascular system regulate body temperature?

A

The bloody absorbs the body’s heat and carries it to the lungs and skin where it is then released

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6
Q

What are the top 2 chambers of the heart called?

A

Atrium

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7
Q

What are the bottom 2 chambers of the heart called?

A

Ventricles

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8
Q

What does the pulmonary circuit do?

A

Carried de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs where it becomes oxygenated and then back to the heart where it enters the systemic circuit

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9
Q

What does the systemic circuit do?

A

Takes oxygenated blood from the heart around the body via the arteries. At the working muscles the blood becomes de-oxygenated and blood returns to the heart through veins.

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10
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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11
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

Link arterials and venules

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12
Q

What is the function of veins?

A

Carry blood towards the heart

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13
Q

What are artery walls like?

A

Thick, elastic, muscular

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14
Q

What are capillary walls like?

A

One cell thick

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15
Q

What are vein walls like?

A

Thinner, less muscular that arteries

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16
Q

Name 4 pulse points?

A
  • Temporal pulse
  • Radial pulse
  • Cavotid pulse
  • Femoral pulse
17
Q

What is heart rate?

A

Number of beats per minute

18
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

The amount of blood leaving the ventricle on each beat

19
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

The amount of bloody pumped out of one ventricle in one minute

20
Q

How do you calculate cardiac output?

A

heart rate x stroke volume

21
Q

What are some short term effects of exercise on the heart?

A
  • Heart rate will increase
  • Stroke volume will increase up to 120ml
  • Blood pressure will increase
  • Cardiac output will increase up to 20-40 litres of blood
22
Q

What are some long term effects of exercise on the heart?

A
  • Heart increases in strength and size - muscular hypertrophy
  • Resting heart rate will decrease

PE (11 decks)

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