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Medical Terminology > The Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

heart; receives blood from the veins and pumps blood into the arteries

A

card/o, cardi/o

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2
Q

blood vessels; transport blood to and from all areas of the body

A

angi/o, vas/o

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3
Q

arteries; transport blood away from the heart to all parts of the body

A

arteri/o

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4
Q

capillaries; permit the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and the cells

A

capill/o

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5
Q

veins; return blood away from all body parts to the heart

A

phleb/o, ven/o

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6
Q

blood; brings oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away waste

A

hem/o, hemat/o

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7
Q

pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

A

cardiovascular

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8
Q

hollow, muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs

A

heart

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9
Q

lower tip of the heart

A

apex

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10
Q

(pericardial sac) double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart

A

pericardium

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11
Q

pertaining to membrane, which is a thin layer of pliable tissue that covers or encloses a body part

A

membranous

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12
Q

fibrous sac that surrounds and protects the heart

A

parietal pericardium

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13
Q

found between the two layers of the pericardium, where it acts as a lubricant to prevent friction as the heart beats

A

pericardial fluid

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14
Q

inner layer of the pericardium that also forms the outer layer of the heart (epicardium)

A

visceral pericardium

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15
Q

external layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium

A

epicardium

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16
Q

the middle and thickest layer of the heart’s three layers

A

myocardium

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17
Q

consists of specialized cardiac muscle tissue that is capable of constant contraction and relaxation that creates the pumping movement necessary to maintain the flow of blood throughout the body

A

myocardial muscle

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18
Q

consists of epithelial tissue, is the inner lining of the heart; comes into direct contact with the blood as it pumps

A

endocardium

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19
Q

supply oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium

A

coronary arteries

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20
Q

two upper chambers of the heart, divided by the interatrial septum; receive blood

A

atria

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21
Q

two lower chambers of the heart, divided by the intraventricular septum

A

ventricles

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22
Q

controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle; 3 cusps, points

A

tricuspid valve

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23
Q

located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

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24
Q

(bicuspid valve) located between the left atrium and the left ventricle; means shaped like a bishop’s mitre (hat)

A

mitral valve

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25
Q

located between the left ventricle and the aorta

A

aortic semilunar valve

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26
Q

meaning half-moon

A

semilunar

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27
Q

oxygen rich or containing an adequate supply of oxygen

A

oxygenated

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28
Q

oxygen poor or not yet containing an adequate supply of oxygen

A

deoxygenated

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29
Q

flow of blood only between the heart and lungs

A

pulmonary circulation

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30
Q

carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs; the only place in the body where deoxygenated blood is carried by arteries instead of veins

A

pulmonary arteries

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31
Q

carry oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart; the only place where veins carry oxygenated blood

A

pulmonary veins

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32
Q

includes the flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs

A

systemic circulation

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33
Q

the ability to pump blood effectively throughout the body; the contraction and relaxation (beating) of the heart must occur in exactly the correct sequence

A

heartbeat

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34
Q

(SA node) located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava; known as the natural pacemaker; electrical impulses from the SA node start each wave of muscle contraction in the heart

A

sinoatrial node

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35
Q

(AV node) located on the floor of the right atrium near the interatrial septum

A

atrioventricular node

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36
Q

(HISS) group of fibers located within the interventricular septum; carry electrical impulses to ensure the sequence of the heart contractions

A

bundle of His

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37
Q

specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles; relay the electrical impulses to the cells of the ventricles which causes the ventricles to contract; forces blood out of the heart and into the aorta and pulmonary arteries

A

Purkinje fibers

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38
Q

refers to the normal beating of the heart

A

sinus rhythm

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39
Q

due to the stimulation (contraction) of the aorta

A

P wave

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40
Q

shows the stimulation (contraction) of the ventricles; the atria relax as the ventricles contract

A

QRS complex

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41
Q

the recovery (relaxation) of the ventricles

A

T wave

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42
Q

large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all regions of the body

A

arteries

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43
Q

within an artery or pertaining to the inner portion of the artery

A

endarterial

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44
Q

bright red in color because it is oxygen rich; the pumping action of the heart causes blood to spurt out when an artery is cut

A

arterial blood

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45
Q

the largest blood vessel in the body; begins from the left ventricle of the heart and forms the main trunk of the arterial system

A

aorta

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46
Q

the major arteries that carry blood upward to the head

A

carotid arteries

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47
Q

located on each side of the neck

A

common carotid artery

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48
Q

brings oxygen-rich blood to the brain

A

internal carotid artery

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49
Q

brings blood to the face

A

external carotid artery

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50
Q

the smaller, thinner branches of the arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries

A

arterioles

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51
Q

only one epithelial cell in thickness, are the smallest blood vessels in the body

A

capillaries

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52
Q

form a low-pressure collecting system to return oxygen-poor blood to the heart

A

veins

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53
Q

smallest veins that join to form the larger veins

A

venules

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54
Q

relating to, or contained in, the veins

A

venous

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55
Q

veins located near the body surface

A

superficial veins

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56
Q

veins located within the tissues and away from the body surface

A

deep veins

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57
Q

two largest veins in the body; the veins that return blood to the heart

A

venae cavae

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58
Q

transports blood from the upper portion of the body to the heart

A

superior vena cava

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59
Q

transports blood from the lower portion of the body to the heart

A

inferior vena cava

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60
Q

the rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart

A

pulse

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61
Q

the measurement of the amount of systolic and diastolic pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries

A

blood pressure

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62
Q

contraction of the heart

A

systole

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63
Q

pertaining to the contraction phase

A

systolic

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64
Q

occurs when the ventricles are relaxed, is the lowest pressure against the walls of the arteries

A

diastolic pressure

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65
Q

relaxation of the heart

A

diastole

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66
Q

pertaining to this relaxation phase

A

diastolic

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67
Q

straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste products; 91% water, 9% proteins

A

plasma

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68
Q

plasma fluid after the blood cells and the clotting proteins have been removed

A

serum

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69
Q

clotting proteins found in plasma

A

fibrinogen / prothrombin

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70
Q

red blood cells (RBCs), mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow, primary role is to transport oxygen to the tissues

A

erythrocytes

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71
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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72
Q

-cytes

A

cells

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73
Q

oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes

A

hemoglobin

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74
Q

-globin

A

protein

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75
Q

white blood cells (WBCs), blood cells involved in defending the body against the body against infective organisms and foreign substances

A

leukocytes

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76
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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77
Q

most common type of WBC, formed in red bone marrow; thorough phagocytosis, they play a major role in the immune system’s defense against pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses

A

neutrophils

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78
Q

the process of destroying pathogens by surrounding and swallowing them

A

phagocytosis

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79
Q

least common type of WBC; responsible for causing symptoms of allergies

A

basophils

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80
Q

formed in red bone marrow and them migrate to tissues throughout the body; destroy parasitic organisms and play a major role in allergic reactions

A

eosinophils

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81
Q

formed in red blood cells, lymph nodes, and in the spleen; identify foreign substances and germs
(bacteria or viruses) in the body and produce antibodies that specifically target them

A

lymphocytes

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82
Q

formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and in the spleen; through phagocytosis, they provide immunological defenses against many infectious organisms

A

monocytes

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83
Q

(platelets) smallest formed elements of the blood; play an important role in the clotting of the blood

A

thrombocytes

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84
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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85
Q

classified according to the presence or absence of certain antigens; typically followed by Rh factor (such as A- or O+)

A

blood types

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86
Q

any substance that the body regards as being foreign

A

antigen

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87
Q

defines the presence or absence of the Rh antigen on red blood cells

A

Rh factor

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88
Q

gases that are normally dissolved in the liquid portion of the blood; oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogen (N2)

A

blood gases

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89
Q

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the heart

A

cardiologist

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90
Q

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues

A

hematologist

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91
Q

physician who specializes in the diagnosis, medical treatment, and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels

A

vascular surgeon

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92
Q

structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth

A

congenital heart disease

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93
Q

(CAD) also known as heart disease (CHD) and ischemic heart disease is atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle; creates an insufficient supply of oxygen that may lead to angina (pain), myocardial infarction, or death

A

coronary artery disease

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94
Q

characterized by unrelenting angina pain and a severely limited lifestyle

A

end-stage CAD

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95
Q

hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries

A

atherosclerosis

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96
Q

ather/o

A

plaque or fatty substance

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97
Q

a deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall; characteristic of atherosclerosis

A

atheroma

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98
Q

a condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the tissues due to restricted blood flow to a part of the body

A

ischemia

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99
Q

to hold back

A

isch

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100
Q

suffix that means condition of the blood

A

-emia

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101
Q

lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle

A

cardiac ischemia

102
Q

(angina pectoralis) a condition in which severe episodes of chest pain occur due to an inadequate blood flow to the myocardium

A

angina

103
Q

occurs during exertion (exercise) and resolved with rest

A

stable angina

104
Q

may occur either during exertion or rest and is a precursor to myocardial infarction

A

unstable angina

105
Q

(heart attack) the occlusion of the one or many coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup

A

myocardial infarction

106
Q

total blockage

A

occlusion

107
Q

a sudden insufficiency of blood

A

infarction

108
Q

a localized area of dead tissue (necrosis) caused by a lack of blood

A

infarct

109
Q

(congenital heart failure, CHF) occurs most commonly in the elderly, often after the heart has been weakened or damaged by other health issues; caused by congestion

A

heart failure

110
Q

fluid buildup

A

congestion

111
Q

causes an accumulation of fluid in the lungs also known as pulmonary edema

A

left-sided heart failure

112
Q

often the result of left-sided heart failure; causes buildup in the rest of the body; noticeable because of edema in the feet and legs

A

right-sided heart failure

113
Q

the abnormal enlargement of the heart that is frequently associated with heart failure as the heart enlarges in an effort to compensate for its decreased pumping ability

A

cardiomegaly

114
Q

inflammation of the heart

A

carditis

115
Q

an inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

A

endocarditis

116
Q

an inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream

A

bacterial endocarditis

117
Q

inflammation of the pericardium

A

pericarditis

118
Q

inflammation of the myocardium that develops as a rarely seen complication of a viral infection

A

myocarditis

119
Q

the term used to described all diseases of the heart muscle

A

cardiomyopathy

120
Q

disease of the heart muscle that causes the heart to become enlarged and to pump less strongly

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

121
Q

the expansion of a hollow structure

A

dilation

122
Q

an abnormal blowing or clicking sound when listening to a heart or a neighboring large blood vessel

A

heart murmur

123
Q

inflammation of a heart valve

A

valvulitis

124
Q

the abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely

A

valvular prolapse

125
Q

the falling or dropping down of an organ or internal part

A

prolapse

126
Q

a condition in which there is narrowing, stiffening, thickening, or blockage of one or more valves of the heart

A

valvular stenosis

127
Q

the abnormal narrowing of an opening

A

-stenosis

128
Q

the loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat

A

arrhythmia

129
Q

(flat line) the complete lack of electrical activity in the heart

A

asystole

130
Q

an event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively

A

cardiac arrest

131
Q

when the treatment of cardiac arrest is not provided within a few minutes

A

sudden cardiac death

132
Q

a congenital or acquired arrhythmia caused by the electrical signal moving through the heart being partially or completely blocked from reaching the ventricles

A

heart block

133
Q

an abnormally slow resting heart rate (less that 60 BPM)

A

bradycardia

134
Q

an abnormally rapid resting heart rate (more than 100 BMP)

A

tachycardia

135
Q

(paroxysmal SVT, SVT) an episode that begins and ends abruptly during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate at or above the atrioventricular (AV) node

A

supraventricular tachycardia

136
Q

(V-tach) very rapid heartrate that begins within the ventricles

A

ventricular tachycardia

137
Q

describes a potentially life-threatening fast and irregular heartbeat, compared to the fast but regular rhythm of tachycardia

A

fibrillation

138
Q

(A-fib) the most common type of tachycardia, occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid, uncontrolled twitching of the muscular heart wall

A

atrial fibrillation

139
Q

(V-fib) consists of rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles; instead of pumping of strongly, the heart muscle quivers ineffectively; the cause of many sudden cardiac death

A

ventricular fibrillation

140
Q

pounding or racing heartbeat with or without irregularity in heartbeat

A

palpitation

141
Q

inflammation of a blood vessel

A

vasculitis

142
Q

a form of vasculitis involving several medium and small arteries at the same time

A

polyarteritis

143
Q

(giant cell arteritis) a form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual impairment, jaw pain, and other symptoms

A

temporal arteritis

144
Q

abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel

A

angiostenosis

145
Q

a benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels

A

hemangioma

146
Q

a deficiency of blood passing through an organ or body part

A

hypoperfusion

147
Q

the flow of blood through the vessels of an organ

A

perfusion

148
Q

a localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement on the wall of an artery

A

aneurysm

149
Q

(hardening of the arteries) any of a group of diseases characterized by thickening and the loss of elasticity of arterial walls

A

arteriosclerosis

150
Q

(venous insufficiency) a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or to the leakage of venous valves; affects feet and ankles

A

chronic venous insufficiency

151
Q

(thrombophlebitis) inflammation of a vein

A

phlebitis

152
Q

abnormally swollen veins that usually occur in the superficial veins of the legs

A

varicose veins

153
Q

the abnormal condition of having a thrombus (clot)

A

thrombosis

154
Q

a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein

A

thrombus

155
Q

the blocking of an artery by a thrombus

A

thrombotic occlusion

156
Q

damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

A

coronary thrombosis

157
Q

(DVT, deep venous thrombosis) the condition of having a thrombus attached to the interior wall of a deep vein

A

deep vein thrombosis

158
Q

the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus

A

embolism

159
Q

something inserted

A

embol

160
Q

condition

A

-ism

161
Q

foreign object that is circulating the blood

A

embolus

162
Q

disorders of blood vessels that are located outside of the heart and brain

A

peripheral vascular disease

163
Q

(peripheral arterial occlusive disease, PAD) peripheral arterial disease that is caused by atherosclerosis

A

peripheral arterial disease

164
Q

a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress; symptoms include pallor (paleness), cyanosis (blue color), and redness of the fingers and toes

A

Raynaud’s disease

165
Q

any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood

A

blood dyscrasia

166
Q

(iron overload disease) a genetic disorder in which the intestines absorb too much iron

A

hemochromatosis

167
Q

a decrease in the number of disease-fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood (low white blood cell count)

A

leukopenia

168
Q

an abnormal increase in the number of red cells in the blood due to the excess production of these cells by the bone marrow

A

polycythemia

169
Q

(septicemia or blood poisoning) a potentially life-threatening infection that results from bacteria or other infectious organisms entering the bloodstream

A

sepsis

170
Q

a condition in which there is an abnormally small number number of platelets circulating the blood

A

thrombocytopenia

171
Q

an abnormal increase in the number of platelets in the circulating blood

A

thrombocytosis

172
Q

the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time

A

hemorrhage

173
Q

a serious and potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the donor and patient blood to not match

A

transfusion reaction

174
Q

a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body

A

cholesterol

175
Q

bad cholesterol

A

LDL

176
Q

good cholesterol

A

HDL

177
Q

the general term used to describe elevated levels of cholesterol and other fatty substances in the blood

A

hyperlipidemia

178
Q

a type of cancer in which there is insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow

A

myelodysplastic syndrome

179
Q

a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in the blood-forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood

A

leukemia

180
Q

the lower-than-normal number of erythrocytes (RBCs) in the blood causing fatigue and shortness of breath

A

anemia

181
Q

characterized by an absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

A

aplastic anemia

182
Q

most common form of anemia; caused by blood loss, poor absorption of iron, or inadequate dietary intake of iron

A

iron-deficiency anemia

183
Q

a blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the RBCs are larger than normal; results in a deficiency of folic acid or vitamin B12

A

megaloblastic anemia

184
Q

caused by a lack of the protein intrinsic factor (IF) that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract

A

pernicious anemia

185
Q

characterized by an inadequate number of circulating RBCs due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen

A

hemolytic anemia

186
Q

pertaining to hemolysis, the breakdown of RBCs

A

hemolytic

187
Q

a serious genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in tome RBCs assuming an abnormal sickle shape

A

sickle cell anemia

188
Q

an inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia due to reduced hemoglobin and fewer RBCs than normal

A

thalassemia

189
Q

(HTN) high blood pressure; elevation of arterial blood pressure to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system

A

hypertension

190
Q

primary/idiopathic hypertension; consistently elevated blood pressure of unknown cause

A

essential hypertension

191
Q

hypertension caused by a different medical problem

A

secondary hypertension

192
Q

hypertension characterized by a very high blood pressure

A

malignant hypertension

193
Q

lower-than-normal arterial blood pressure; symptoms include dizziness, light-headedness, or fainting

A

hypotension

194
Q

(postural hypotension) low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up

A

orthostatic hypotension

195
Q

a radiographic (x-ray) study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium

A

angiography

196
Q

a diagnostic and treatment procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart

A

cardiac catherization

197
Q

(DSA) uses angiography with computer assistance to clarify the view by “subtracting” the soft tissue and bones from the images

A

digital subtracting angiography

198
Q

a diagnostic procedure to image the structures of the blood vessels and the flow of blood through the vessels

A

Duplex ultrasound

199
Q

(phlebography) a radiographic test that provides an image of specific veins after a contract dye is injected; very accurate test for detecting deep vein thrombosis

A

venography

200
Q

noninvasive process of recording the electrical activity of the heart

A

electrocardiography

201
Q

(EKG or ECG) a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

A

electrocardiogram

202
Q

portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patient to continuously monitor the heart rates and rhythms over a 24- to 48-hour period

A

Holter monitor

203
Q

performed to assess and cardiovascular health and function during and after stress test; patient can be on treadmill or injected with a chemical to increase heartrate

A

stress test

204
Q

performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise by injecting a small amount of thallium into the bloodstream

A

thallium stress test

205
Q

the accuracy and consistency with which the patient follows the physician’s instructions

A

compliance

206
Q

a medication administered to lower blood pressure

A

antihypertensives

207
Q

(angiotensin-converting enzyme) blocks the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract, resulting in hypertension; reduce blood pressure

A

ACE inhibitor

208
Q

reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heart

A

beta-blocker

209
Q

cause the heart and blood vessels to relax by decreasing the movement of calcium into the cells of these structures

A

calcium channel blocker agents

210
Q

administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water

A

diuretic

211
Q

a medication administered to control irregularities of the heartbeat

A

antiarrhythmic

212
Q

slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming; called “blood thinners” even though they don’t actually thin the blood

A

anticoagulant

213
Q

process of clotting blood

A

coagulant

214
Q

(warfarin) an anticoagulant administered to prevent blood clots from forming or growing larger

A

Coumadin

215
Q

works faster then Coumadin, but must be administered by injection or in an IV solution

A

Heparin

216
Q

taken in small doses, may be recommended to reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke by reducing the ability of the blood to clot

A

Aspirin

217
Q

used to combat hyperlipidemia by reducing the undesirable cholesterol levels in the blood

A

cholesterol-lowering drugs

218
Q

(digoxin) strengthens the contraction of the heart muscle, slows the heart rate, and helps eliminate fluid from body tissues

A

digitalis

219
Q

(clot-busting drug) dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up

A

thrombotic

220
Q

a thrombolytic that is administered to patients having a heart attack

A

tissue plasminogen activator

221
Q

causes blood vessels to narrow

A

vasoconstrictor

222
Q

causes blood vessels to expand

A

vasodilator

223
Q

a vasodilator that is prescribed to prevent or relieve the pain of angina by dilating the blood vessels to the heart; given sublingually (under tongue), transdermally, or orally

A

nitroglycerin

224
Q

(CPB, heart-lung machine) a device sometimes used to maintain the circulation of blood and oxygen to the body during surgery

A

cardiopulmonary bypass

225
Q

the technique of medically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel

A

angioplasty

226
Q

(PTCA or balloon angioplasty) procedure in which a small balloon on the end of a catheter is used to open a partially blocked coronary artery by flattening the plaque deposit and stretching the lumen

A

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

227
Q

involves a laser on the end of a catheter, which uses beams of light to remove the plaque deposit

A

laser angioplasty

228
Q

a wire-mesh tube that is commonly placed after the artery has been opened

A

stent

229
Q

describes the condition when an artery that has been opened up by angioplasty closes again

A

restenosis

230
Q

the surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery

A

atherectomy

231
Q

the surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain

A

carotid endarterectomy

232
Q

(CABG, bypass surgery) a piece of vein from the leg or chest is implanted into the heart to replace a blocked coronary artery

A

coronary artery bypass graft

233
Q

(keyhole bypass/buttonhole bypass) an alternative technique for some bypass patients; performed with the aid of a fiberoptic camera through small openings between the ribs

A

minimally invasive coronary artery bypass

234
Q

(cardioversion) the use of electrical shock to restore the heart’s normal rhythm

A

defibrillation

235
Q

provides shock

A

defibrillator

236
Q

(AED) designed for use by nonprofessionals in emergency situations when defibrillation is required

A

automated external defibrillator

237
Q

used primarily as treatment for bradycardia or atrial fibrillation, although it is sometimes used to treat other heart conditions; can be attached externally or internally

A

artificial pacemaker

238
Q

(ICD) a double-action pacemaker
1. constantly regulates the heartbeat
2. acts as an automatic defibrillator

A

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

239
Q

(catheter ablation) procedure that uses radio-frequency energy (heat) or cryoablation (extreme cold) to scar or destroy the heart tissue triggering an abnormal rhythm

A

cardiac ablation

240
Q

the surgical repair of a heart valve

A

valvuloplasty

241
Q

surgery to replace one of the heart’s four valves, usually the aortic or mitral valve

A

heart valve replacement

242
Q

(TAVR) a minimally invasive procedure in which the existing valve is left in place

A

transcatheter aortic valve replacement

243
Q

(CPR) an emergency procedure for life support consisting of artificial respiration and manual external cardiac compression

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

244
Q

can be effective in keeping a patient suffering from cardiac arrest

A

compression-only resuscitation

245
Q

the surgical removal of an aneurysm

A

aneurysectomy

246
Q

(aneurysmoplasty) the surgical suturing of an aneurysm

A

aneurysmorrhaphy

247
Q

the surgical method to isolate an aneurysm from the rest of the circulatory system by placing a small clip across its neck

A

aneurysm clipping

248
Q

surgical removal of an artery

A

arteriectomy

249
Q

to stop or control bleeding

A

hemostasis

250
Q

(plasma exchange) the removal of whole blood from the body and separation of the blood’s cellular elements

A

plasmapheresis

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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